Loughborough University
Leicestershire, UK
LE11 3TU
+44 (0)1509 263171
Loughborough University

Loughborough University Research Publications


Publications for Gerald Schaefer

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Journal Articles

Wei, Y, He, H, Yuan, K, Schaefer, G, Ji, Z, Fang, H (2024) A memory-augmented conditional neural process model for traffic prediction, Knowledge-Based Systems, 112578, ISSN: 0950-7051. DOI: 10.1016/j.knosys.2024.112578.

Yang, W, Shao, S, Yang, Y, Liu, X, Liu, X, Xia, Z, Schaefer, G, Fang, H (2023) Watermarking in secure federated learning: a verification framework based on client-side backdooring, ACM Transactions on Intelligent Systems and Technology, 15(1), pp.1-25, ISSN: 2157-6904. DOI: 10.1145/3630636.

Zhang, H, Sun, Y, Liu, Z, Liu, Q, Liu, X, Jiang, M, Schaefer, G, Fang, H (2023) Heterogeneous attention based transformer for sign language translation, Applied Soft Computing, 144, 110526, ISSN: 1568-4946. DOI: 10.1016/j.asoc.2023.110526.

Bojnordi, E, Mousavirad, SJ, Pedram, M, Schaefer, G, Oliva, D (2023) Improving the Generalisation Ability of Neural Networks Using a Lévy Flight Distribution Algorithm for Classification Problems, New Generation Computing, 41(2), pp.225-242, ISSN: 0288-3635. DOI: 10.1007/s00354-023-00214-5.

Mousavirad, SJ, Schaefer, G, Zhou, H, Moghadam, MH (2023) How effective are current population-based metaheuristic algorithms for variance-based multi-level image thresholding?, Knowledge-Based Systems, 272, 110587, ISSN: 0950-7051. DOI: 10.1016/j.knosys.2023.110587.

Yuan, C, Schaefer, G, Lai, Y-K, Wang, Y, Liu, X, Guan, L, Fang, H (2023) A multi-strategy contrastive learning framework for weakly supervised semantic segmentation, Pattern Recognition, 137(2023), 109298, ISSN: 0031-3203. DOI: 10.1016/j.patcog.2022.109298.

Mahbod, A, Schaefer, G, Dorffner, G, Hatamikia, S, Ecker, R, Ellinger, I (2022) A dual decoder U-Net-based model for nuclei instance segmentation in hematoxylin and eosin-stained histological images, Frontiers in Medicine, 9, 978146, DOI: 10.3389/fmed.2022.978146.

Liu, X, Ma, Z, Chen, Z, Li, F, Jiang, M, Schaefer, G, Fang, H (2022) Hiding multiple images into a single image via joint compressive autoencoders, Pattern Recognition, 131, 108842, ISSN: 0031-3203. DOI: 10.1016/j.patcog.2022.108842.

Liu, X, Zhang, Y, Wang, J, Sun, Y, Zhang, W, Zhou, D, Schaefer, G, Fang, H (2022) Multiple-feature-based zero-watermarking for robust and discriminative copyright protection of DIBR 3D videos, Information Sciences, 604, pp.97-114, ISSN: 0020-0255. DOI: 10.1016/j.ins.2022.05.010.

Jiang, L, Cai, H, Schaefer, G, Meng, Q (2022) A neural refinement network for single image view synthesis, Neurocomputing, 496, pp.35-45, ISSN: 0925-2312. DOI: 10.1016/j.neucom.2022.04.123.

Yin, X, Hu, Q, Schaefer, G (2021) Open set recognition through Monte Carlo dropout-based uncertainty, International Journal of Bio-Inspired Computation, 18(4), pp.210-220, ISSN: 1758-0366. DOI: 10.1504/IJBIC.2021.119982.

Mousavirad, SJ, Zabihzadeh, D, Oliva, D, Perez-Cisneros, M, Schaefer, G (2021) A grouping differential evolution algorithm boosted by attraction and repulsion strategies for masi entropy-based multi-level image segmentation, Entropy, 24(1), 8, DOI: 10.3390/e24010008.

Yuan, K, Zhuang, X, Schaefer, G, Feng, J, Guan, L, Fang, H (2021) Deep learning-based multi-spectral satellite image segmentation for water body detection, IEEE Journal of Selected Topics in Applied Earth Observations and Remote Sensing, 14, pp.7422-7434, ISSN: 1939-1404. DOI: 10.1109/JSTARS.2021.3098678.

Mahbod, A, Schaefer, G, Löw, C, Dorffner, G, Ecker, R, Ellinger, I (2021) Investigating the impact of the bit depth of fluorescence-stained images on the performance of deep learning-based nuclei instance segmentation, Diagnostics, 11(6), 967, DOI: 10.3390/diagnostics11060967.

Mahbod, A, Schaefer, G, Bancher, B, Löw, C, Dorffner, G, Ecker, R, Ellinger, I (2021) CryoNuSeg: a dataset for nuclei instance segmentation of cryosectioned H&E-stained histological images, Computers in Biology and Medicine, 132, 104349, ISSN: 0010-4825. DOI: 10.1016/j.compbiomed.2021.104349.

Mousavirad, SJ, Ebrahimpour-Komleh, H, Schaefer, G (2020) Automatic clustering using a local search-based human mental search algorithm for image segmentation, Applied Soft Computing, 96, 106604, ISSN: 1568-4946. DOI: 10.1016/j.asoc.2020.106604.

Mahbod, A, Schaefer, G, Wang, C, Dorffner, G, Ecker, R, Ellinger, I (2020) Transfer learning using a multi-scale and multi-network ensemble for skin lesion classification, Computer Methods and Programs in Biomedicine, 193, 105475, ISSN: 0169-2607. DOI: 10.1016/j.cmpb.2020.105475.

Mousavirad, SJ, Bidgoli, AA, Ebrahimpour-Komleh, H, Schaefer, G (2019) A memetic imperialist competitive algorithm with chaotic maps for multi-layer neural network training, International Journal of Bio-Inspired Computation, 14(4), pp.227-236, ISSN: 1758-0366. DOI: 10.1504/IJBIC.2019.103961.

Kumar, N, Verma, R, Anand, D, Zhou, Y, Onder, OF, Tsougenis, E, Chen, H, Heng, P-A, Li, J, Hu, Z, Wang, Y, Koohbanani, NA, Jahanifar, M, Tajeddin, NZ, Gooya, A, Rajpoot, N, Ren, X, Zhou, S, Wang, Q, Shen, D, Yang, C-K, Weng, C-H, Yu, W-H, Yeh, C-Y, Yang, S, Xu, S, Yeung, PH, Sun, P, Mahbod, A, Schaefer, G, Ellinger, I, Ecker, R, Smedby, O, Wang, C, Chidester, B, Ton, T-V, Tran, M-T, Ma, J, Do, MN, Graham, S, Vu, QD, Kwak, JT, Gunda, A, Chunduri, R, Hu, C, Zhou, X, Lotfi, D, Safdari, R, Kascenas, A, O'Neil, A, Eschweiler, D, Stegmaier, J, Cui, Y, Yin, B, Chen, K, Tian, X, Gruening, P, Barth, E, Arbel, E, Remer, I, Ben-Dor, A, Sirazitdinova, E, Kohl, M, Braunewell, S, Li, Y, Xie, X, Shen, L, Ma, J, Das Baksi, K, Khan, MA, Choo, J, Colomer, A, Naranjo, V, Pei, L, Iftekharuddin, KM, Roy, K, Bhattacharjee, D, Pedraza, A, Bueno, MG, Devanathan, S, Radhakrishnan, S, Koduganty, P, Wu, Z, Cai, G, Liu, X, Wang, Y, Sethi, A (2019) A multi-organ nucleus segmentation challenge, IEEE Transactions on Medical Imaging, 39(5), pp.1380-1391, ISSN: 0278-0062. DOI: 10.1109/tmi.2019.2947628.

Kadri, O, Baarir, Z-E, Schaefer, G (2019) Power shrinkage—curvelet domain image denoising using a new scale-dependent shrinkage function, Signal, Image and Video Processing, 13(7), ISSN: 1863-1703. DOI: 10.1007/s11760-019-01484-7.

Mousavirad, SJ, Ebrahimpour-Komleh, H, Schaefer, G (2019) Effective image clustering based on human mental search, Applied Soft Computing Journal, 78, pp.209-220, ISSN: 1568-4946. DOI: 10.1016/j.asoc.2019.02.009.

Mahbod, A, Schaefer, G, Ellinger, I, Ecker, R, Pitiot, A, Wang, C (2019) Fusing fine-tuned deep features for skin lesion classification, Computerized Medical Imaging and Graphics, 71, pp.19-29, ISSN: 0895-6111. DOI: 10.1016/j.compmedimag.2018.10.007.

Turner, J, Meng, Q, Schaefer, G, Whitbrook, A, Soltoggio, A (2017) Distributed task rescheduling with time constraints for the optimization of total task allocations in a multirobot system, IEEE Transactions on Cybernetics, 48(9), pp.2583-2597, ISSN: 2168-2267. DOI: 10.1109/TCYB.2017.2743164.

Schaefer, G (2016) Gene expression analysis based on ant colony optimisation classification, International Journal of Rough Sets and Data Analysis, ISSN: 2334-4598.

Krawczyk, B, Schaefer, G, Woźniak, M (2015) A hybrid cost-sensitive ensemble for imbalanced breast thermogram classification, Artificial Intelligence in Medicine, 65(3), pp.219-227, ISSN: 0933-3657. DOI: 10.1016/j.artmed.2015.07.005.

Celebi, ME, Smolka, B, Schaefer, G (2015) Special issue on real-time color image processing, Journal of Real-Time Image Processing, 10(2), pp.189-191, ISSN: 1861-8200. DOI: 10.1007/s11554-015-0506-6.

Buzmakov, A, Chukalina, M, Nikolaev, D, Gulimova, V, Savel'ev, S, Tereschenko, E, Seregin, A, Senin, R, Zolotov, D, Prun, V, Shaefer, G, Asadchikov, V (2015) Monochromatic computed microtomography using laboratory and synchrotron sources and X-ray fluorescence analysis for comprehensive analysis of structural changes in bones, JOURNAL OF APPLIED CRYSTALLOGRAPHY, 48, pp.693-701, ISSN: 0021-8898. DOI: 10.1107/S1600576715006214.

Schaefer, G, Krawczyk, B, Celebi, ME, Iyatomi, H (2014) An ensemble classification approach for melanoma diagnosis, Memetic Computing, 6(4), pp.233-240, ISSN: 1865-9284. DOI: 10.1007/s12293-014-0144-8.

Schaefer, G (2014) ACO classification of thermogram symmetry features for breast cancer diagnosis, Memetic Computing, 6(3), pp.207-212, ISSN: 1865-9284. DOI: 10.1007/s12293-014-0135-9.

Hu, Q, Li, L, Wu, X, Schaefer, G, Yu, D (2014) Exploiting diversity for optimizing margin distribution in ensemble learning, KNOWLEDGE-BASED SYSTEMS, 67, pp.90-104, ISSN: 0950-7051. DOI: 10.1016/j.knosys.2014.06.005.

Krawczyk, B and Schaefer, G (2014) Breast Thermogram Analysis Using Classifier Ensembles and Image Symmetry Features, IEEE Systems Journal, 8(3), pp.921-928, ISSN: 1932-8184. DOI: 10.1109/jsyst.2013.2283135.

Schaefer, G and Nolle, L (2014) A hybrid colour quantisation algorithm incorporating a human visual perception model, Computational Intelligence, 31(4), pp.684-698, ISSN: 1467-8640. DOI: 10.1111/coin.12043.

Osman, T, Thakker, D, Schaefer, G (2014) Utilising semantic technologies for intelligent indexing and retrieval of digital images, COMPUTING, 96(7), pp.651-668, ISSN: 0010-485X. DOI: 10.1007/s00607-013-0350-0.

Schaefer, G, Tallyn, M, Felton, D, Plant, W, Edmundson, D (2014) Interactive browsing of image collections on mobile devices, Multimedia Tools and Applications, 74(19), pp.8267-8277, ISSN: 1573-7721. DOI: 10.1007/s11042-014-1875-8.

Schaefer, G (2014) Soft computing-based colour quantisation, EURASIP JOURNAL ON IMAGE AND VIDEO PROCESSING, ARTN 8, ISSN: 1687-5176. DOI: 10.1186/1687-5281-2014-8.

Krawczyk, B, Woźniak, M, Schaefer, G (2014) Cost-sensitive decision tree ensembles for effective imbalanced classification, Applied Soft Computing Journal, 14(PART C), pp.554-562, ISSN: 1568-4946. DOI: 10.1016/j.asoc.2013.08.014.

Krawczyk, B and Schaefer, G (2014) A hybrid classifier committee for analysing asymmetry features in breast thermograms, Applied Soft Computing Journal, 20, pp.112-118, ISSN: 1568-4946. DOI: 10.1016/j.asoc.2013.11.011.

Yang, X, Su, Y, Cao, A, Song, Q, Schaefer, G (2014) Vicinal support vector classifier using supervised kernel-based clustering, Artificial Intelligence in Medicine, ISSN: 0933-3657. DOI: 10.1016/j.artmed.2014.01.003.

Pal, A and Schaefer, G (2014) Robust background modelling using region-based codebooks, International Journal of Advanced Media and Communication, 5(2-3), pp.233-244, ISSN: 1462-4613. DOI: 10.1504/IJAMC.2014.060507.

Schaefer, G, Fox, M, Plant, W, Stuttard, M (2014) Exploring image databases at the tip of your fingers, Information (Japan), 17(5), pp.1951-1960, ISSN: 1343-4500.

Schaefer, G, Krawczyk, B, Doshi, NP, Merla, A (2013) Scleroderma capillary pattern identification using texture descriptors and ensemble classification, Proceedings of the Annual International Conference of the IEEE Engineering in Medicine and Biology Society, EMBS, pp.5473-5476, ISSN: 1557-170X. DOI: 10.1109/EMBC.2013.6610788.

Emre Celebi, M, Wen, Q, Hwang, S, Iyatomi, H, Schaefer, G (2013) Lesion Border Detection in Dermoscopy Images Using Ensembles of Thresholding Methods, Skin Research and Technology, 19(1), ISSN: 0909-752X. DOI: 10.1111/j.1600-0846.2012.00636.x.

Schaefer, G and Nakashima, T (2013) Michigan vs. pittsburgh style ga optimisation of fuzzy rule bases for gene expression analysis, International Journal of Fuzzy System Applications, 3(4), pp.60-72, ISSN: 2156-177X. DOI: 10.4018/ijfsa.2013100105.

Edmundson, D and Schaefer, G (2013) JIRL – A C++ toolkit for JPEG compressed domain image retrieval, International Journal of Multimedia Data Engineering and Management, 4, pp.1-12.

Schaefer, G and Stuttard, M (2012) Intuitive image database browsing to support image annotation, Automatika, 53(4), pp.355-361, ISSN: 0005-1144. DOI: 10.7305/automatika.53-4.247.

Schaefer, G, Hu, Q, Zhou, H, Peters, JF, Hassanien, AE (2012) Rough C-means and fuzzy rough C-means for colour quantisation, Fundamenta Informaticae, 119(1), pp.113-120, ISSN: 0169-2968. DOI: 10.3233/FI-2012-729.

Iyatomi, H, Celebi, ME, Schaefer, G, Tanaka, M (2011) Automated color calibration method for dermoscopy images, COMPUTERIZED MEDICAL IMAGING AND GRAPHICS, 35(2), pp.89-98, ISSN: 0895-6111. DOI: 10.1016/j.compmedimag.2010.08.003.

Schaefer, G, Rajab, MI, Celebi, ME, Iyatomi, H (2011) Colour and contrast enhancement for improved skin lesion segmentation, COMPUTERIZED MEDICAL IMAGING AND GRAPHICS, 35(2), pp.99-104, ISSN: 0895-6111. DOI: 10.1016/j.compmedimag.2010.08.004.

Zhou, H, Schaefer, G, Celebi, ME, Lin, F, Liu, T (2011) Gradient vector flow with mean shift for skin lesion segmentation, COMPUTERIZED MEDICAL IMAGING AND GRAPHICS, 35(2), pp.121-127, ISSN: 0895-6111. DOI: 10.1016/j.compmedimag.2010.08.002.

Schaefer, G (2011) A next generation browsing environment for large image repositories, Multimedia Tools and Applications, 47(1), pp.105-120, ISSN: 1380-7501. DOI: 10.1007/s11042-009-0409-2.

Hassanien, AE, Schaefer, G, Darwish, A (2010) Computational intelligence in speech and audio processing: Recent advances, Advances in Intelligent and Soft Computing, 75, pp.303-311, ISSN: 1867-5662. DOI: 10.1007/978-3-642-11282-9_32.

Hassanien, AE, Schaefer, G, Al Qaheri, H (2010) Prostate boundary detection in ultrasound images based on type-II fuzzy sets and modified fuzzy c-means, Advances in Intelligent and Soft Computing, 75, pp.187-195, ISSN: 1867-5662. DOI: 10.1007/978-3-642-11282-9_20.

Schaefer, G and Nakashima, T (2010) Hybrid cost-sensitive fuzzy classification for breast cancer diagnosis, Conference proceedings : .. Annual International Conference of the IEEE Engineering in Medicine and Biology Society. IEEE Engineering in Medicine and Biology Society. Conference, pp.6170-6173, ISSN: 1557-170X.

Norton, KA, Iyatomi, H, Celebi, M, Schaefer, G, Tanaka, M, Ogawa, K (2010) Development of a novel border detection method for melanocytic and non-melanocytic dermoscopy images, Conference proceedings : .. Annual International Conference of the IEEE Engineering in Medicine and Biology Society. IEEE Engineering in Medicine and Biology Society. Conference, pp.5403-5406, ISSN: 1557-170X.

Iyatomi, H, Norton, KA, Celebi, M, Schaefer, G, Tanaka, M, Ogawa, K (2010) Classification of melanocytic skin lesions from non-melanocytic lesions, Conference proceedings : .. Annual International Conference of the IEEE Engineering in Medicine and Biology Society. IEEE Engineering in Medicine and Biology Society. Conference, pp.5407-5410, ISSN: 1557-170X.

(2010) An improved gradient vector flow algorithm for optic disc segmentation, Conference proceedings : .. Annual International Conference of the IEEE Engineering in Medicine and Biology Society. IEEE Engineering in Medicine and Biology Society. Conference, pp.4793-4796, ISSN: 1557-170X.

Zhou, H, Schaefer, G, Celebi, M, Iyatomi, H, Norton, KA, Liu, T, Lin, F (2010) Skin lesion segmentation using an improved snake model, Conference proceedings : .. Annual International Conference of the IEEE Engineering in Medicine and Biology Society. IEEE Engineering in Medicine and Biology Society. Conference, pp.1974-1977, ISSN: 1557-170X.

Zhou, H and Schaefer, G (2010) Fuzzy c-means variants for medical image segmentation, International Journal of Tomography and Statistics, 13(W10), pp.3-18, ISSN: 0972-9976.

Zhou, H, Schaefer, G, Liu, T, Lin, F (2010) Segmentation of optic disc in retinal images using an improved gradient vector flow algorithm, Multimedia Tools and Applications, 49(3), pp.447-462, ISSN: 1380-7501.

Schaefer, G, Tait, RJ, Merla, A, Zhu, SY (2010) Automated overlay of visual and thermal medical images using skin detection and image registration, International Journal for Computational Vision and Biomechanics, 3(1), pp.81-87, ISSN: 0973-6778.

Schaefer, G and Nakashima, T (2010) Data mining of gene expression data by fuzzy and hybrid fuzzy methods, IEEE Transactions on Information Technology in Biomedicine, 14(1), pp.23-29, ISSN: 1089-7771. DOI: 10.1109/TITB.2009.2033590.

Zhou, H and Schaefer, G (2010) Fuzzy c-means variants for medical image segmentation, Int. Journal of Tomography and Statistics, 13(W10), pp.3-18, ISSN: 0972-9976.

Schaefer, G and Nolle, L (2010) Optimal image colour extraction by differential evolution, International Journal of Bio-Inspired Computation, 2(3-4), pp.251-257, ISSN: 1758-0366. DOI: 10.1504/IJBIC.2010.033093.

Hassanien, AE, Abraham, A, Peters, JF, Schaefer, G, Henry, C (2009) Rough Sets and Near Sets in Medical Imaging: A Review, IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY IN BIOMEDICINE, 13(6), pp.955-968, ISSN: 1089-7771. DOI: 10.1109/TITB.2009.2017017.

Celebi, ME, Iyatomi, H, Schaefer, G, Stoecker, WV (2009) Approximate lesion localization in dermoscopy images, Skin Research and Technology, 15(3), pp.314-322, ISSN: 0909-752X. DOI: 10.1111/j.1600-0846.2009.00357.x.

Howell, KJ, Lavorato, A, Visentin, MT, Smith, RE, Schaefer, G, Jones, CD, Weibel, L, Denton, CP, Harper, JI, Woo, P (2009) Validation of a protocol for the assessment of skin temperature and blood flow in childhood localised scleroderma, Skin Research and Technology, 15(3), pp.346-356, ISSN: 0909-752X. DOI: 10.1111/j.1600-0846.2009.00371.x.

Celebi, ME, Iyatomi, H, Schaefer, G, Stoecker, WV (2009) Lesion border detection in dermoscopy images, Computerized Medical Imaging and Graphics, 33(2), pp.148-153, ISSN: 0895-6111. DOI: 10.1016/j.compmedimag.2008.11.002.

Schaefer, G and Zhou, H (2009) Fuzzy clustering for colour reduction in images, Telecommunication Systems, 40(1-2), pp.17-25, ISSN: 1018-4864. DOI: 10.1007/s11235-008-9143-8.

Howell, KJ, Lavorato, A, Visentin, M, Smith, RE, Schaefer, G, Jones, CE, Weibel, L, Deton, CP, Harper, J, Woo, P (2009) Validation of a protocol for the assessment of skin temperature and blood flow in childhood localised scleroderma, Skin Research and Technology, 15(3), pp.346-356, ISSN: 1600-0846.

Schaefer, G, Zavisek, M, Nakashima, T (2009) Thermography based breast cancer analysis using statistical features and fuzzy classifications, Pattern Recognition, 42(6), pp.1133-1137, ISSN: 0031-3203. DOI: 10.1016/j.patcog.2008.08.007.

Zhou, H, Schaefer, G, Sadka, A, Celebi, ME (2009) Anisotropic mean shift based fuzzy c-means segmentation of deroscopy images, IEEE Journal of Selected Topics in Signal Processing, 3(1), pp.26-34, ISSN: 1932-4553. DOI: 10.1109/JSTSP.2008.2010631.

Celebi, ME, Schaefer, G, Iyatomi, H, Stoecker, WV, Malters, JM, Grichnik, JM (2009) An improved objective evaluation measure for border detection in dermoscopy images, Skin Research and Technology, 15(4), pp.444-450, ISSN: 1600-0846.

Tait, RJ, Schaefer, G, Hopgood, AA (2008) Intensity-based image registration using multiple distributed agents, Knowledge-Based Systems, 21(3), pp.256-264, ISSN: 0950-7051. DOI: 10.1016/j.knosys.2007.11.013.

Schaefer, G (2008) Does compression affect image retrieval performance? Int. Journal of Imaging Systems and Technology, 18(2-3), pp.101-112, ISSN: 0899-9457.

Schaefer, G and Ruszala, S (2008) Effective and efficient browsing of image databases, Int. Journal of Imaging Systems and Technology, 18(2-3), pp.137-145, ISSN: 0899-9457.

Nakashima, T, Yokota, Y, Ishibuchi, H, Schaefer, (2008) A cost-based fuzzy system for pattern classification with class importance, Artificial Life and Robotics, 12(1-2), pp.43-46, ISSN: 1433-5298.

Schaefer, G and Ruszala, S (2008) Effective and efficient browsing of image databases, International Journal of Imaging Systems and Technology, 18(2-3), pp.137-145, ISSN: 0899-9457. DOI: 10.1002/ima.20153.

Schaefer, G (2008) Does compression affect image retrieval performance?, International Journal of Imaging Systems and Technology, 18(2-3), pp.101-112, ISSN: 0899-9457. DOI: 10.1002/ima.20152.

Nolle, L and Schaefer, G (2007) Colour map design through optimization, Engineering Optimization, 39(3), pp.327-343, ISSN: 0305-215X. DOI: 10.1080/03052150601127958.

Nakashima, T, Schaefer, G, Yokota, Y, Ishibuchi, H (2007) A weighted fuzzy classifier and its application to image processing tasks, Fuzzy Sets and Systems, 158(3), pp.284-294, ISSN: 0165-0114. DOI: 10.1016/j.fss.2006.10.011.

Tait, RJ, Schaefer, G, Hopgood, AA (2007) iDARBS - A distributed blackboard architecture for parallel image processing, Int. Journal of Information Technology and Intelligent Computing, 2(4), ISSN: 1895-8648.

Nakashima, T, Yokota, Y, Ishibuchi, H, Schaefer, G, Drastich, A, Zavisek, M (2007) Constructing cost-sensitive fuzzy rule-based classification systems for pattern classification problems, Journal of Advanced Computational Intelligence and Intelligent Informatics, 11(6), pp.546-553, ISSN: 1343-0130.

Bobe, S and Schaefer, G (2006) Image processing and image registration on spiral architecture with saLib, Int. Journal of Simulation: Systems, Science and Technology, 7(3), pp.37-43, ISSN: 1473-8031.

Bobe, S and Schaefer, G (2006) Image processing and image registration on spiral architecturewith saLib, International Journal of Simulation: Systems, Science and Technology, 7(3), pp.37-43, ISSN: 1473-8031.

Tait, RJ, Schaefer, G, Hopgood, AA, Nolle, L (2006) Automated visual inspection using a distributed blackboard architecture, International Journal of Simulation: Systems, Science and Technology, 7(3), pp.12-20, ISSN: 1473-8031.

Finlayson, G, Hordley, S, Schaefer, G, Yun Tian, G (2005) Illuminant and device invariant colour using histogram equalisation, Pattern Recognition, 38(2), pp.179-190, ISSN: 0031-3203. DOI: 10.1016/j.patcog.2004.04.010.

Finlayson, GD and Schaefer, G (2001) Solving for colour constancy using a constrained dichromatic reflection model, International Journal of Computer Vision, 42(3), pp.127-144, ISSN: 0920-5691. DOI: 10.1023/A:1011120214885.



Conferences

Liu, X, Yang, S, Zhang, J, Schaefer, G, Li, J, Fan, X, Wu, S, Fang, H (2024) Towards compact reversible image representations for neural style transfer. In The 18th European Conference on Computer Vision ECCV 2024, Milano, Italy.

Wei, Y, He, H, Schaefer, G, Ji, Z, Wang, Y, Fang, H (2024) Memory-facilitated joint-space shift adaptation in traffic forecasting. In International Joint Conference on Neural Networks; International Joint Conference on Neural Networks, Yokohama, Japan.

Liu, X, Dong, F, Liao, X, Guo, Y, He, J, Zhang, J, Schaefer, G, Fang, H (2024) Multi-strategy adversarial learning for robust face forgery detection under heterogeneous and composite attacks. In 2024 IEEE International Conference on Multimedia and Expo (ICME 2024), Niagara Falls, Canada.

Jing, L, Ding, Y, Gao, Y, Wang, Z, Yan, X, Wang, D, Schaefer, G, Fang, H, Zhao, B, Li, X (2024) HPL-ESS: hybrid pseudo-labeling for unsupervised event-based semantic segmentation. In The IEEE/CVF Conference on Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition 2024 (CVPR 2024), Seattle, Washington, USA.

Wang, Y, Deng, S, Yuan, K, Schaefer, G, Liu, X, Fang, H (2023) A novel class activation map for visual explanations in multi-object scenes. In 2023 IEEE International Conference on Image Processing (ICIP 2023); 2023 IEEE International Conference on Image Processing (ICIP), Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia, pp.2615-2619, ISBN: 9781728198354. DOI: 10.1109/ICIP49359.2023.10222000.

Zhu, X, Guo, K, Fang, H, Ding, R, Wu, Z, Schaefer, G (2023) Gradient-based graph attention for scene text image super-resolution. In 37th AAAI Conference on Artificial Intelligence (AAAI-23); Proceedings of the AAAI Conference on Artificial Intelligence, Washington, DC, USA, pp.3861-3869, DOI: 10.1609/aaai.v37i3.25499.

Ma, Z, Zhu, Y, Luo, G, Liu, X, Schaefer, G, Fang, H (2023) Robust steganography without embedding based on secure container synthesis and iterative message recovery. In Elkind, E (ed) 32nd International Joint Conference on Artificial Intelligence (IJCAI 2023); Proceedings of the Thirty-Second International Joint Conference on Artificial Intelligence, Macao, S.A.R, pp.4838-4846, ISBN: 9781956792034. DOI: 10.24963/ijcai.2023/538.

Rahmani, S, Mousavirad, SJ, El-Abd, M, Schaefer, G, Oliva, D (2023) Centroid-Based Differential Evolution with Composite Trial Vector Generation Strategies for Neural Network Training. In , Lecture Notes in Computer Science (including subseries Lecture Notes in Artificial Intelligence and Lecture Notes in Bioinformatics), pp.608-622, DOI: 10.1007/978-3-031-30229-9_39.

Liu, X, Ma, Z, Ma, J, Zhang, J, Schaefer, G, Fang, H (2022) Image disentanglement autoencoder for steganography without embedding. In 2022 IEEE/CVF Conference on Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (CVPR); 2022 IEEE/CVF Conference on Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (CVPR), New Orleans, Louisiana, USA, pp.2293-2302, ISBN: 9781665469463. DOI: 10.1109/CVPR52688.2022.00234.

Mousavirad, SJ, Moghadam, MH, Saadatmand, M, Chakrabortty, R, Schaefer, G, Oliva, D (2022) RWS-L-SHADE: An Effective L-SHADE Algorithm Incorporation Roulette Wheel Selection Strategy for Numerical Optimisation. In , Lecture Notes in Computer Science (including subseries Lecture Notes in Artificial Intelligence and Lecture Notes in Bioinformatics), pp.255-268, DOI: 10.1007/978-3-031-02462-7_17.

Moravvej, SV, Mousavirad, SJ, Oliva, D, Schaefer, G, Sobhaninia, Z (2022) An Improved DE Algorithm to Optimise the Learning Process of a BERT-based Plagiarism Detection Model. In , 2022 IEEE Congress on Evolutionary Computation, CEC 2022 - Conference Proceedings. DOI: 10.1109/CEC55065.2022.9870280.

Jiang, L, Schaefer, G, Meng, Q (2022) An Improved Novel View Synthesis Approach Based on Feature Fusion and Channel Attention. In , Conference Proceedings - IEEE International Conference on Systems, Man and Cybernetics, pp.2459-2464, DOI: 10.1109/SMC53654.2022.9945244.

Mahbod, A, Schaefer, G, Ecker, R, Ellinger, I (2022) Automatic Foot Ulcer Segmentation Using an Ensemble of Convolutional Neural Networks. In , Proceedings - International Conference on Pattern Recognition, pp.4358-4364, DOI: 10.1109/ICPR56361.2022.9956253.

Mousavirad, SJ, Schaefer, G, Oliva, D, Hinojosa, S (2021) HCS-BBD: An effective population-based approach for multi-level thresholding. In , GECCO 2021 Companion - Proceedings of the 2021 Genetic and Evolutionary Computation Conference Companion, pp.1923-1930, DOI: 10.1145/3449726.3463149.

Mousavirad, SJ, Schaefer, G, Moghadam, MH, Saadatmand, M, Pedram, M (2021) A population-based automatic clustering algorithm for image segmentation. In , GECCO 2021 Companion - Proceedings of the 2021 Genetic and Evolutionary Computation Conference Companion, pp.1931-1936, DOI: 10.1145/3449726.3463148.

Liu, X, Ma, Z, Guo, X, Hou, J, Wang, L, Schaefer, G, Fang, H (2021) Joint compressive autoencoders for full-image-to-image hiding. In 25th International Conference of Pattern Recognition, Milan, Italy.

Mahbod, A, Schaefer, G, Ecker, R, Ellinger, I (2021) Pollen Grain Microscopic Image Classification Using an Ensemble of Fine-Tuned Deep Convolutional Neural Networks. In , Lecture Notes in Computer Science (including subseries Lecture Notes in Artificial Intelligence and Lecture Notes in Bioinformatics), pp.344-356, DOI: 10.1007/978-3-030-68763-2_26.

Mousavirad, SJ, Schaefer, G, Korovin, I, Oliva, D (2021) RDE-OP: A Region-Based Differential Evolution Algorithm Incorporation Opposition-Based Learning for Optimising the Learning Process of Multi-layer Neural Networks. In , Lecture Notes in Computer Science (including subseries Lecture Notes in Artificial Intelligence and Lecture Notes in Bioinformatics), pp.407-420, DOI: 10.1007/978-3-030-72699-7_26.

Mousavirad, SJ, Oliva, D, Hinojosa, S, Schaefer, G (2021) Differential Evolution-based Neural Network Training Incorporating a Centroid-based Strategy and Dynamic Opposition-based Learning. In , 2021 IEEE Congress on Evolutionary Computation, CEC 2021 - Proceedings, pp.1233-1240, DOI: 10.1109/CEC45853.2021.9504801.

Mousavirad, SJ, Schaefer, G, Korovin, I, Moghadam, MH, Saadatmand, M, Pedram, M (2021) An Enhanced Differential Evolution Algorithm Using a Novel Clustering-based Mutation Operator. In , Conference Proceedings - IEEE International Conference on Systems, Man and Cybernetics, pp.176-181, DOI: 10.1109/SMC52423.2021.9658743.

Bojnordi, E, Mousavirad, SJ, Schaefer, G, Korovin, I (2021) MCS-HMS: A Multi-Cluster Selection Strategy for the Human Mental Search Algorithm. In , 2021 IEEE Symposium Series on Computational Intelligence, SSCI 2021 - Proceedings. DOI: 10.1109/SSCI50451.2021.9660143.

Mousavirad, SJ, Schaefer, G, Korovin, I, Oliva, D, Moghadam, MH, Saadatmand, M (2021) HMS-OS: Improving the Human Mental Search Optimisation Algorithm by Grouping in both Search and Objective Space. In , 2021 IEEE Symposium Series on Computational Intelligence, SSCI 2021 - Proceedings. DOI: 10.1109/SSCI50451.2021.9660101.

Mousavirad, SJ, Schaefer, G, Celebi, ME, Fang, H, Liu, X (2020) Colour Quantisation using Human Mental Search and Local Refinement. In IEEE International Conference on Systems, Man, and Cybernetics, Toronto, Canada, pp.3045-3050, DOI: 10.1109/SMC42975.2020.9283370.

Liu, X, Ma, Z, Guo, X, Hou, J, Schaefer, G, Wang, L, Wang, V, Fang, H (2020) Camouflage Generative Adversarial Network: Coverless Full-image-to-image Hiding. In IEEE International Conference on Systems, Man, and Cybernetics, Toronto, Canada.

Kadri, O, Baarir, ZE, Schaefer, G, Korovin, I (2020) Colour Image Denoising using Curvelets and Scale Dependent Shrinkage. In IEEE International Conference on Systems, Man, and Cybernetics, Toronto, Canada, pp.2072-2077, DOI: 10.1109/SMC42975.2020.9283042.

Mousavirad, SJ, Schaefer, G, Korovin, I (2020) Colour quantisation using self-organizing migrating algorithm. In , GECCO 2020 Companion - Proceedings of the 2020 Genetic and Evolutionary Computation Conference Companion, pp.1448-1453, DOI: 10.1145/3377929.3398124.

Mousavirad, SJ, Schaefer, G, Korovin, I (2020) Effective image clustering using self-organizing migrating algorithm. In , GECCO 2020 Companion - Proceedings of the 2020 Genetic and Evolutionary Computation Conference Companion, pp.279-280, DOI: 10.1145/3377929.3389909.

Mousavirad, SJ, Schaefer, G, Movahedi, Z, Korovin, I (2020) High-dimensional multi-level maximum variance threshold selection for image segmentation: A benchmark of recent population-based metaheuristic algorithms. In , GECCO 2020 Companion - Proceedings of the 2020 Genetic and Evolutionary Computation Conference Companion, pp.1608-1613, DOI: 10.1145/3377929.3398143.

Mousavirad, SJ, Schaefer, G, Jalali, SMJ, Korovin, I (2020) A benchmark of recent population-based metaheuristic algorithms for multi-layer neural network training. In , GECCO 2020 Companion - Proceedings of the 2020 Genetic and Evolutionary Computation Conference Companion, pp.1402-1408, DOI: 10.1145/3377929.3398144.

Mousavirad, SJ, Schaefer, G, Korovin, I (2020) High-dimensional multi-level image thresholding using self-organizing migrating algorithm. In , GECCO 2020 Companion - Proceedings of the 2020 Genetic and Evolutionary Computation Conference Companion, pp.1454-1459, DOI: 10.1145/3377929.3398125.

Mousavirad, SJ, Rahnamayan, S, Schaefer, G (2020) Many-level Image Thresholding using a Center-Based Differential Evolution Algorithm. In , 2020 IEEE Congress on Evolutionary Computation, CEC 2020 - Conference Proceedings. DOI: 10.1109/CEC48606.2020.9185679.

Mousavirad, SJ, Schaefer, G, Esmaeili, L, Korovin, I (2020) On Improvements of the Human Mental Search Algorithm for Global Optimisation. In , 2020 IEEE Congress on Evolutionary Computation, CEC 2020 - Conference Proceedings. DOI: 10.1109/CEC48606.2020.9185525.

Mousavirad, SJ, Jalali, SMJ, Ahmadian, S, Khosravi, A, Schaefer, G, Nahavandi, S (2020) Neural Network Training Using a Biogeography-Based Learning Strategy. In , Communications in Computer and Information Science, pp.147-155, DOI: 10.1007/978-3-030-63823-8_18.

Saga, R, Yoshikawa, T, Wakita, K, Sakamoto, K, Schaefer, G, Nakashima, T (2020) A genetic algorithm optimising control point placement for edge bundling. In , VISIGRAPP 2020 - Proceedings of the 15th International Joint Conference on Computer Vision, Imaging and Computer Graphics Theory and Applications, pp.217-222.

Mousavirad, SJ, Schaefer, G, Fang, H, Liu, X, Korovin, I (2020) Colour Quantisation by Human Mental Search. In , pp.130-141, ISBN: 9783030539559. DOI: 10.1007/978-3-030-53956-6_12.

Mousavirad, SJ, Schaefer, G, Ebrahimpour-Komleh, H, Korovin, I (2020) A Novel Image Segmentation Based on Clustering and Population-Based Optimisation. In , Lecture Notes in Computer Science (including subseries Lecture Notes in Artificial Intelligence and Lecture Notes in Bioinformatics), pp.117-129, DOI: 10.1007/978-3-030-53956-6_11.

Holewik, J, Schaefer, G, Korovin, I (2020) Imbalanced Ensemble Learning for Enhanced Pulsar Identification. In , Lecture Notes in Computer Science (including subseries Lecture Notes in Artificial Intelligence and Lecture Notes in Bioinformatics), pp.515-524, DOI: 10.1007/978-3-030-53956-6_47.

Mahbod, A, Schaefer, G, Wang, C, Ecker, R, Dorffner, G, Ellinger, I (2020) Investigating and exploiting image resolution for transfer learning-based skin lesion classification. In , Proceedings - International Conference on Pattern Recognition, pp.4047-4053, DOI: 10.1109/ICPR48806.2021.9412307.

Mousavirad, SJ, Schaefer, G, Korovin, I (2020) An effective approach for neural network training based on comprehensive learning. In , Proceedings - International Conference on Pattern Recognition, pp.8774-8781, DOI: 10.1109/ICPR48806.2021.9413160.

Mousavirad, SJ, Schaefer, G, Korovin, I (2019) A global-best guided human mental search algorithm with random clustering strategy. In , Conference Proceedings - IEEE International Conference on Systems, Man and Cybernetics, pp.3174-3179, DOI: 10.1109/SMC.2019.8914636.

Mousavirad, SJ, Schaefer, G, Ebrahimpour-Komleh, H (2019) A Benchmark of Population-Based Metaheuristic Algorithms for High-Dimensional Multi-Level Image Thresholding. In , 2019 IEEE Congress on Evolutionary Computation, CEC 2019 - Proceedings, pp.2394-2401, DOI: 10.1109/CEC.2019.8790273.

Mahbod, A, Schaefer, G, Wang, C, Ecker, R, Ellinge, I (2019) Skin Lesion Classification Using Hybrid Deep Neural Networks. In , ICASSP, IEEE International Conference on Acoustics, Speech and Signal Processing - Proceedings, pp.1229-1233, DOI: 10.1109/ICASSP.2019.8683352.

Korovin, IS, Sisyukin, S, Schaefer, G (2019) Application of convolutional neural networks for dynamic digital oil field models. In , Advances in Intelligent Systems and Computing, pp.1099-1106, DOI: 10.1007/978-981-10-8944-2_128.

Korovin, IS, Tkachenko, MG, Schaefer, G (2019) Combining fuzzy genetic algorithms and neural networks for prediction of oil pump failures. In , Advances in Intelligent Systems and Computing, pp.1107-1113, DOI: 10.1007/978-981-10-8944-2_129.

Turchaninov, VY, Kosenkov, SO, Samovarov, OI, Tchij, OP, Korovin, IS, Schaefer, G (2019) High-performance cloud computing for managing the life cycle of oil and gas fields. In , Advances in Intelligent Systems and Computing, pp.1093-1098, DOI: 10.1007/978-981-10-8944-2_127.

Schaefer, G (2019) Interactive browsing of large image repositories. In , Advances in Intelligent Systems and Computing, pp.1-7, DOI: 10.1007/978-981-10-8944-2_1.

Mousavirad, SJ, Bidgoli, AA, Ebrahimpour-Komleh, H, Schaefer, G, Korovin, I (2019) An Effective Hybrid Approach for Optimising the Learning Process of Multi-layer Neural Networks. In , Lecture Notes in Computer Science (including subseries Lecture Notes in Artificial Intelligence and Lecture Notes in Bioinformatics), pp.309-317, DOI: 10.1007/978-3-030-22796-8_33.

Tang, Q, Chen, Y, Schaefer, G, Gale, A (2019) The wearable augmented reality (AR) approach to support mammographic training: Hololens for screener training. In , Progress in Biomedical Optics and Imaging - Proceedings of SPIE. DOI: 10.1117/12.2512425.

Mahbod, A, Schaefer, G, Ellinger, I, Ecker, R, Smedby, Ö, Wang, C (2019) A Two-Stage U-Net Algorithm for Segmentation of Nuclei in H&E-Stained Tissues. In , Lecture Notes in Computer Science (including subseries Lecture Notes in Artificial Intelligence and Lecture Notes in Bioinformatics), pp.75-82, DOI: 10.1007/978-3-030-23937-4_9.

Kelkoul, H, Zaz, Y, Tribak, H, Schaefer, G (2018) A Robust Combined Audio and Video Watermark Algorithm Against Cinema Piracy. In , International Conference on Multimedia Computing and Systems -Proceedings. DOI: 10.1109/ICMCS.2018.8525979.

Kalyaev, I, Melnik, E, Korovin, I, Klimenko, A, Schaefer, G (2018) A fog computing-based method to information and control system reliability enhancement. In , 2018 Joint 7th International Conference on Informatics, Electronics and Vision and 2nd International Conference on Imaging, Vision and Pattern Recognition, ICIEV-IVPR 2018, pp.582-587, DOI: 10.1109/ICIEV.2018.8641036.

Korovin, I, Kalyaev, I, Kalyaev, A, Khisamutdinov, M, Ivanov, D, Schaefer, G (2018) A failure prediction method for oil field complex technical objects. In , 2018 Joint 7th International Conference on Informatics, Electronics and Vision and 2nd International Conference on Imaging, Vision and Pattern Recognition, ICIEV-IVPR 2018, pp.594-598, DOI: 10.1109/ICIEV.2018.8641048.

Turner, J, Meng, Q, Schaefer, G, Soltoggio, A (2018) Fast consensus for fully distributed multi-agent task allocation. In The 33rd ACM Symposium On Applied Computing, Pau, France,ISBN: 9781450351911. DOI: 10.1145/3167132.3167224.

Turner, J, Meng, Q, Schaefer, G, Soltoggio, A (2018) Distributed strategy adaptation with a prediction function in multi-agent task allocation. In 17th International Conference on Autonomous Agents and Multiagent Systems (AAMAS 2018), Stockholm, Sweden,ISBN: 9781450356497.

Tang, Q, Chen, Y, Schaefer, G, Gale, AG (2018) The development of an augmented reality (AR) approach to mammographic training: overcoming some real world challenges. In Medical Imaging 2018: Image-Guided Procedures, Robotic Interventions, and Modeling. International Society for Optics and Photonics, Houston, USA,ISBN: 9781510616417. DOI: 10.1117/12.2293496.

Valenzuela, G, Celebi, ME, Schaefer, G, IEEE, (2018) Color Quantization using Coreset Sampling. In , 2018 IEEE INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON SYSTEMS, MAN, AND CYBERNETICS (SMC), pp.2096-2101, DOI: 10.1109/SMC.2018.00361.

Schaefer, G (2017) Classifier ensembles for imbalanced classification. In , 7th International Conference on Innovative Computing Technology, INTECH 2017, pp.1-2, DOI: 10.1109/INTECH.2017.8102455.

Schaefer, G, Agarwal, P, Celebi, ME (2017) Effective colour reduction using Grey Wolf Optimisation. In European Congress on Computational Methods in Applied Sciences and Engineering, Lecture Notes in Computational Vision and Biomechanics, Porto, Portugal, pp.170-178, DOI: 10.1007/978-3-319-68195-5_18.

Schaefer, G (2017) UCID-RAW – A colour image database in raw format. In European Congress on Computational Methods in Applied Sciences and Engineering, Lecture Notes in Computational Vision and Biomechanics, Porto, Portugal, pp.179-184, DOI: 10.1007/978-3-319-68195-5_19.

Schaefer, G (2017) Interactive browsing systems for large image collections. In European Congress on Computational Methods in Applied Sciences and Engineering, Lecture Notes in Computational Vision and Biomechanics, Porto, Portugal, pp.3-9, DOI: 10.1007/978-3-319-68195-5_1.

Pljonkin, AP, Gupta, BB, Rumyantsev, KE, Korovin, I, Schaefer, G (2017) Features of detection of a single-photon pulse at synchronisation in quantum key distribution systems. In , 2017 6th International Conference on Informatics, Electronics and Vision and 2017 7th International Symposium in Computational Medical and Health Technology, ICIEV-ISCMHT 2017, pp.1-5, DOI: 10.1109/ICIEV.2017.8338555.

Adzhiev, A, Malkandueva, L, Boldyrev, A, Bespalov, D, Korovin, I, Schaefer, G (2017) Monitoring daily variations of atmospheric electric fields using data mining methods. In , 2017 6th International Conference on Informatics, Electronics and Vision and 2017 7th International Symposium in Computational Medical and Health Technology, ICIEV-ISCMHT 2017, pp.1-5, DOI: 10.1109/ICIEV.2017.8338559.

Doshi, NP, Schaefer, G, Korovin, I (2017) An improved algorithm for skeletonisation of nailfold capillaries. In , 2017 6th International Conference on Informatics, Electronics and Vision and 2017 7th International Symposium in Computational Medical and Health Technology, ICIEV-ISCMHT 2017, pp.1-4, DOI: 10.1109/ICIEV.2017.8338563.

Schaefer, G (2017) Strategies for imbalanced pattern classification for digital pathology. In , 2017 6th International Conference on Informatics, Electronics and Vision and 2017 7th International Symposium in Computational Medical and Health Technology, ICIEV-ISCMHT 2017, pp.1-4, DOI: 10.1109/ICIEV.2017.8338552.

Korovin, I, Khisamutdinov, M, Kalyaev, A, Ivanov, D, Schaefer, G (2017) Neural network model of pumping units in oil preparation and pumping complex. In , 2017 6th International Conference on Informatics, Electronics and Vision and 2017 7th International Symposium in Computational Medical and Health Technology, ICIEV-ISCMHT 2017, pp.1-4, DOI: 10.1109/ICIEV.2017.8338557.

Korovin, IS, Kalyaev, A, Khisamutdinov, M, Ivanov, D, Schaefer, G (2017) Application of neural networks for modelling centrifugal pumping units of booster pump stations for a two-phase gas-liquid mixture. In , 2017 6th International Conference on Informatics, Electronics and Vision and 2017 7th International Symposium in Computational Medical and Health Technology, ICIEV-ISCMHT 2017, pp.1-6, DOI: 10.1109/ICIEV.2017.8338562.

Schaefer, G and Doshi, N (2017) LBP vs. LBP variance for texture classification. In International Conference on Data Mining and Big Data, Lecture Notes in Computer Science (including subseries Lecture Notes in Artificial Intelligence and Lecture Notes in Bioinformatics), Fukuoka, Japan, pp.156-164, ISBN: 9783319618449. DOI: 10.1007/978-3-319-61845-6_16.

Saafin, W and Schaefer, G (2017) Pre-processing techniques for colour digital pathology image analysis. In Annual Conference on Medical Image Understanding and Analysis, Communications in Computer and Information Science, Edinburgh, United Kingdom, pp.551-560, ISBN: 9783319609638. DOI: 10.1007/978-3-319-60964-5_48.

Jha, AK, Agarwal, P, Schaefer, G, Zaz, Y (2017) A novel image detail preserving impulse noise removal algorithm. In , International Conference on Multimedia Computing and Systems -Proceedings, pp.137-140, DOI: 10.1109/ICMCS.2016.7905630.

Schaefer, G (2017) Fast JPEG compressed domain image retrieval. In , International Conference on Multimedia Computing and Systems -Proceedings, pp.148-150, DOI: 10.1109/ICMCS.2016.7905636.

Schaefer, G, Budnik, M, Krawczyk, B (2017) Immersive browsing in an image sphere. In , Proceedings of the 11th International Conference on Ubiquitous Information Management and Communication, IMCOM 2017. DOI: 10.1145/3022227.3022252.

Yoshida, T, Celebi, ME, Schaefer, G, Iyatomi, H (2016) Simple and effective pre-processing for automated melanoma discrimination based on cytological findings. In 2016 IEEE International Conference on Big Data (Big Data), pp.3439-3442, DOI: 10.1109/bigdata.2016.7841005.

Korovin, I, Khisamutdinov, M, Schaefer, G, Kalyaev, A (2016) An efficient evolutionary approach to placing VLSI elements based on multithread CUDA programming. In 2016 International Conference on Informatics, Electronics and Vision (ICIEV), 2016 5th International Conference on Informatics, Electronics and Vision (ICIEV), pp.1153-1156, DOI: 10.1109/iciev.2016.7760180.

Korovin, I, Khisamutdinov, M, Schaefer, G, Kalyaev, A (2016) Real-time diagnostics of oil production equipment using data mining. In 2016 International Conference on Informatics, Electronics and Vision (ICIEV), 2016 5th International Conference on Informatics, Electronics and Vision (ICIEV), pp.1169-1172, DOI: 10.1109/iciev.2016.7760184.

Schaefer, G (2016) Interactive browsing of large image databases. In , 6th International Conference on Digital Information Processing and Communications.

Schaefer, G and Doshi, NP (2016) Effective classification of HEp-2 cells using fuzzy texture descriptors. In , IEEE International Conference on Fuzzy Systems.

Nakashima, T, Schaefer, G, Kuroda, Y, Ahad, MAR (2016) Performance evaluation of a two-stage clustering technique for time-series data. In , 5th International Conference on Informatics, Electronics and Vision.

Masinde, N, Schaefer, G, Korovin, I (2016) Stable and reliable predictive accuracy of robust weighted slope one under profile injection attacks. In , 5th International Conference on Informatics, Electronics and Vision.

Doshi, NP, Schaefer, G, Hossain, S (2016) Rotation invariant compound LBP texture features. In , 5th International Conference on Informatics, Electronics and Vision.

Doshi, NP, Schaefer, G, Hossain, S (2016) Improved dominant local binary pattern texture features. In , 5th International Conference on Informatics, Electronics and Vision.

Sayed, GI, Hassanien, AE, Schaefer, G (2016) An Automated Computer-aided Diagnosis System for Abdominal CT Liver Images. In , Procedia Computer Science, pp.68-73, DOI: 10.1016/j.procs.2016.07.012.

Yamany, W, Emary, E, Hassanien, AE, Schaefer, G, Zhu, SY (2016) An Innovative Approach for Attribute Reduction Using Rough Sets and Flower Pollination Optimisation. In , Procedia Computer Science, pp.403-409, DOI: 10.1016/j.procs.2016.08.083.

Hassanien, AE, Elfattah, MA, Aboulenin, S, Schaefer, G, Zhu, SY, Korovin, I (2016) Historic handwritten manuscript binarisation using whale optimisation. In , IEEE International Conference on Systems, Man, and Cybernetics.

Torky, M, Baberse, R, Ibrahim, R, Hassanien, AE, Schaefer, G, Korovin, I, Zhu, SY (2016) Credibility investigation of newsworthy tweets using a visualising Petri net model. In , IEEE International Conference on Systems, Man, and Cybernetics.

Schaefer, G, Doshi, NP, Korovin, I, Zhu, SY (2016) Classifying HEp-2 cells in immunofluorescence images using multiple kernel learning. In , IEEE International Conference on Systems, Man, and Cybernetics.

Doshi, NP, Schaefer, G, Korovin, I (2016) MD-LBPV texture analysis for nailfold capillaroscopy image classification. In , International Conference on Image Processing, Computer Vision, and Pattern Recognition, pp.335-338.

Korovin, I, Khisamutdinov, M, Schaefer, G (2016) Efficient noise-free image acquisition of moving objects in a complex background using CUDA. In , International Conference on Image Processing, Computer Vision, and Pattern Recognition, pp.331-334.

Turner, J, Meng, Q, Schaefer, G (2015) Increasing allocated tasks with a time minimization algorithm for a search and rescue scenario. In IEEE Int. on Robotics and Automation (ICRA), SeattleUSA. DOI: 10.1109/ICRA.2015.7139669.

Imtiaz, H, Mahbub, U, Schaefer, G, Zhu, SY, Ahad, MAR (2015) Human Action Recognition based on Spectral Domain Features. In , Procedia Computer Science, pp.430-437, DOI: 10.1016/j.procs.2015.08.161.

Doshi, NP, Schaefer, G, Zhu, SY (2015) An Evaluation of Image Enhancement Techniques for Nailfold Capillary Skeletonisation. In , Procedia Computer Science, pp.1613-1621, DOI: 10.1016/j.procs.2015.08.271.

Mostafa, A, Fouad, A, Elfattah, MA, Hassanien, AE, Hefny, H, Zhu, SY, Schaefer, G (2015) CT Liver Segmentation Using Artificial Bee Colony Optimisation. In , Procedia Computer Science, pp.1622-1630, DOI: 10.1016/j.procs.2015.08.272.

Kalyaev, A, Korovin, I, Khisamutdinov, M, Schaefer, G, Ahad, MAR (2015) A novel method of organisation of a software defined network control system. In , 4th International Conference on Informatics, Electronics and Vision, pp.1-4, DOI: 10.1109/ICIEV.2015.7334062.

Kalyaev, A, Korovin, I, Khisamutdinov, M, Schaefer, G, Ahad, MAR (2015) A hardware approach for organisation of software defined network switches based on FPGA. In , 4th International Conference on Informatics, Electronics and Vision, pp.1-4, DOI: 10.1109/ICIEV.2015.7334067.

Jha, AK, Kumar, A, Schaefer, G, Ahad, MAR (2015) An adaptive distance-based edge preserving interpolation algorithm for natural images. In , 4th International Conference on Informatics, Electronics and Vision, pp.1-5, DOI: 10.1109/ICIEV.2015.7334068.

Schaefer, G and Nakashima, T (2015) Strategies for addressing class imbalance in ensemble classification of thermography breast cancer features. In , IEEE Congress on Evolutionary Computation, pp.2362-2367, DOI: 10.1109/CEC.2015.7257177.

Tharwat, A, Ibrahim, A, Hassanien, AE, Schaefer, G (2015) Ear recognition using block-based principal component analysis and decision fusion. In , 6th International Conference on Pattern Recognition and Machine Intelligence, pp.246-254, DOI: 10.1007/978-3-319-19941-2_24.

Krawczyk, B and Schaefer, G (2015) Effective imbalanced classification of breast thermogram features. In , 6th International Conference on Pattern Recognition and Machine Intelligence, pp.535-544, DOI: 10.1007/978-3-319-19941-2_51.

Sharif, MM, Tharwat, A, Hassanien, AE, Hefny, HA, Schaefer, G (2015) Enzyme function classification based on Borda count ranking aggregation method. In , 6th International Conference on Pattern Recognition and Machine Intelligence, Industrial Session on Machine Intelligence and Big Data in the Industry.

El-Baz, AH, Hassanien, AE, Schaefer, G (2015) Identification of diabetes disease using committees of neural network-based classifiers. In , 6th International Conference on Pattern Recognition and Machine Intelligence, Industrial Session on Machine Intelligence and Big Data in the Industry.

Doshi, NP, Schaefer, G, Zhu, SY (2015) An evaluation of LBP texture descriptors for the classification of HEp-2 cells. In , IEEE International Conference on Systems, Man, and Cybernetics.

Doshi, NP, Schaefer, G, Nakashima, T (2015) A comparison of skeletonisation algorithms for nailfold capillary images. In , 11th International Conference on Knowledge Management, pp.38-45.

Ohki, K, Celebi, ME, Schaefer, G, Iyatomi, H (2015) Building of readable decision trees for automated melanoma discrimination. In , 11th International Symposium on Visual Computing, pp.712-721, DOI: 10.1007/978-3-319-27863-6_67.

Jha, AK, Narwal, V, Patwa, R, Schaefer, G (2015) Peripheral detail-based edge preserving image interpolation scheme. In , International Conference on Image Processing, Computer Vision, and Pattern Recognition, pp.421-426.

Mahin, FS, Islam, MN, Schaefer, G, Ahad, MAR (2015) A simple approach for abandoned object detection. In , International Conference on Image Processing, Computer Vision, and Pattern Recognition, pp.427-430.

Amin, KM, Abd Elfattah, M, Hassanien, AE, Schaefer, G (2014) A binarization algorithm for historical arabic manuscript images using a neutrosophic approach. In 9th IEEE International Conference on Computer Engineering and Systems, Proceedings of 2014 9th IEEE International Conference on Computer Engineering and Systems, ICCES 2014, Cairo, pp.266-270, ISBN: 9781479965946. DOI: 10.1109/ICCES.2014.7030970.

Schaefer, G, Doshi, NP, Shao Ying Zhu, Qinghua Hu, (2014) Analysis of HEp-2 images using MD-LBP and MAD-bagging. In 2014 36th Annual International Conference of the IEEE Engineering in Medicine and Biology Society (EMBC), 2014 36th Annual International Conference of the IEEE Engineering in Medicine and Biology Society, pp.4248-4251, DOI: 10.1109/embc.2014.6944562.

Schaefer, G, Krawczyk, B, Doshi, NP, Nakashima, T (2014) Cost-sensitive texture classification. In 2014 IEEE Congress on Evolutionary Computation (CEC), pp.105-108, DOI: 10.1109/cec.2014.6900500.

Emary, E, Zawbaa, HM, Hassanien, AE, Schaefer, G, Azar, AT (2014) Retinal vessel segmentation based on possibilistic fuzzy c-means clustering optimised with cuckoo search. In 2014 International Joint Conference on Neural Networks (IJCNN), pp.1792-1796, DOI: 10.1109/ijcnn.2014.6889932.

Emary, E, Zawbaa, HM, Hassanien, AE, Schaefer, G, Azar, AT (2014) Retinal blood vessel segmentation using bee colony optimisation and pattern search. In 2014 International Joint Conference on Neural Networks (IJCNN), pp.1001-1006, DOI: 10.1109/ijcnn.2014.6889856.

Gharbia, R, Baz, AHE, Hassanien, AE, Schaefer, G, Nakashima, T, Azar, AT (2014) Fusion of multi-spectral and panchromatic satellite images using principal component analysis and fuzzy logic. In 2014 IEEE International Conference on Fuzzy Systems (FUZZ-IEEE), pp.1118-1122, DOI: 10.1109/fuzz-ieee.2014.6891873.

Doshi, NP and Schaefer, G (2014) Compactifying multi-dimensional LBP variance texture descriptors based on DCT and feature reduction. In 2014 International Conference on Multimedia Computing and Systems (ICMCS), pp.480-484, DOI: 10.1109/icmcs.2014.6911333.

Jha, AK, Kumar, A, Schaefer, G, Ahad, MAR (2014) An efficient edge preserving image interpolation algorithm. In , 2014 International Conference on Informatics, Electronics and Vision, ICIEV 2014. DOI: 10.1109/ICIEV.2014.6850820.

Ghany, KKA, Hassan, G, Hassanien, AE, Hefny, HA, Schaefer, G, Ahad, MAR (2014) A hybrid biometric approach embedding DNA data in fingerprint images. In , 2014 International Conference on Informatics, Electronics and Vision, ICIEV 2014. DOI: 10.1109/ICIEV.2014.6850836.

Aly, SE, Elshazly, HI, Ali, AF, Hussein, HA, Hassanien, AE, Schaefer, G, Ahad, MAR (2014) Molecular classification of Newcastle disease virus based on degree of virulence. In , 2014 International Conference on Informatics, Electronics and Vision, ICIEV 2014. DOI: 10.1109/ICIEV.2014.6850846.

Elfattah, MA, Waly, MI, Elsoud, MAA, Hassanien, AE, Tolba, MF, Platos, J, Schaefer, G (2014) An Improved Prediction Approach for Progression of Ocular Hypertension to Primary Open Angle Glaucoma. In , Advances in Intelligent Systems and Computing, pp.405-412, DOI: 10.1007/978-3-319-08156-4_40.

Schaefer, G (2014) Visual Browsing of Large Image Databases. In , pp.531-539, ISBN: 9783319134604. DOI: 10.1007/978-3-319-13461-1_49.

Schaefer, G, Doshi, NP, Hu, Q, Hassanien, AE (2014) Classification of HEp-2 Cell Images Using Compact Multi-Scale Texture Information and Margin Distribution Based Bagging. In , pp.299-308, ISBN: 9783319134604. DOI: 10.1007/978-3-319-13461-1_29.

Schaefer, G, Krawczyk, B, Celebi, ME, Iyatomi, H, Hassanien, AE (2014) Melanoma Classification Based on Ensemble Classification of Dermoscopy Image Features. In , pp.291-298, ISBN: 9783319134604. DOI: 10.1007/978-3-319-13461-1_28.

Boukhari, DE and Schaefer, G (2014) Lossless colour image coding using the Mojette transform and different projections. In , 6th International Conference on Multimedia, Computer Graphics and Broadcasting, pp.43-46.

Bueno, G, Fernandez-Carrobles, M, Womack, C, Segers, D, Ecker, R, Costello, S, Della Mea, V, Carasevici, E, Ilyas, M, Qiu, G, Gonzalez, L, Laurinavicius, A, Schaefer, G, Garcia-Rojo, M, Deniz, O (2014) AIDPATH - Digital pathology tools from and for academia and industry collaboration. In , 18th International Microscopy Congress.

Bueno, G, Womack, C, Segers, D, Ecker, R, Toomey, D, Della Mea, V, Carasevici, E, Ilyas, M, Qiu, G, Garcia-Rojo, M, Gonzalez, L, Laurinavicius, A, Schaefer, G, Deniz, O (2014) AIDPATH: Digital pathology tools from and for academia and industry collaboration. In , 2nd Congress of the Spanish Network of Advanced Optical Microscopy, pp.114-115.

A Ghany, KK, Hassanien, AE, Schaefer, G (2014) Similarity measures for fingerprint matching. In , International Conference on Image Processing, Computer Vision, and Pattern Recognition.

Edmundson, D and Schaefer, G (2013) A browsing approach to online photo search results. In , 2013 IEEE International Conference on Signal Processing, Communications and Computing, ICSPCC 2013. DOI: 10.1109/ICSPCC.2013.6664109.

Krawczyk, B, Schaefer, G, Zhu, SY (2013) Breast cancer identification based on thermal analysis and a clustering and selection classification ensemble. In , Lecture Notes in Computer Science (including subseries Lecture Notes in Artificial Intelligence and Lecture Notes in Bioinformatics), pp.256-265, DOI: 10.1007/978-3-319-02753-1_26.

Doshi, NP and Schaefer, G (2013) Dominant multi-dimensional local binary patterns. In , 2013 IEEE International Conference on Signal Processing, Communications and Computing, ICSPCC 2013. DOI: 10.1109/ICSPCC.2013.6664108.

Schaefer, G, Edmundson, D, Sakurai, Y (2013) Fast JPEG image retrieval based on AC Huffman tables. In , Proceedings - 2013 International Conference on Signal-Image Technology and Internet-Based Systems, SITIS 2013, pp.26-30, DOI: 10.1109/SITIS.2013.16.

Schaefer, G (2013) Pixel domain and compressed domain image retrieval features. In , 8th International Conference on Digital Information Management, ICDIM 2013. DOI: 10.1109/ICDIM.2013.6694033.

Schaefer, G, Kobashi, S, Nagamune, K (2013) Workshop on medical image and signal analysis WS-MISA: Editorial. In , Proceedings - 2013 International Conference on Signal-Image Technology and Internet-Based Systems, SITIS 2013. DOI: 10.1109/SITIS.2013.6.

Doshi, NP and Schaefer, G (2013) HEp-2 cell classification using multi-scale texture information and multiple kernel learning. In , Proceedings - 2013 International Conference on Signal-Image Technology and Internet-Based Systems, SITIS 2013, pp.825-830, DOI: 10.1109/SITIS.2013.134.

Doshi, NP, Schaefer, G, Zhu, SY (2013) An improved binarisation algorithm for nailfold capillary skeleton extraction. In , Proceedings - 2013 IEEE International Conference on Systems, Man, and Cybernetics, SMC 2013, pp.2565-2569, DOI: 10.1109/SMC.2013.438.

Edmundon, D, Schaefer, G, Celebi, ME (2013) Similarity-based browsing of image search results. In , Proceedings - 2013 IEEE International Symposium on Multimedia, ISM 2013, pp.502-503, DOI: 10.1109/ISM.2013.97.

Doshi, NP and Schaefer, G (2013) Compact Multi-dimensional LBP Features for Improved Texture Retrieval. In 2013 Second International Conference on Robot, Vision and Signal Processing (RVSP), 2013 Second International Conference on Robot, Vision and Signal Processing, pp.51-55, DOI: 10.1109/rvsp.2013.20.

Edmundson, D and Schaefer, G (2013) Fast mobile image retrieval. In , Electronic Proceedings of the 2013 IEEE International Conference on Multimedia and Expo Workshops, ICMEW 2013. DOI: 10.1109/ICMEW.2013.6618399.

Edmundon, D and Schaefer, G (2013) Visualisation and Browsing of Flickr Retrieval Results. In 2013 2nd IAPR Asian Conference on Pattern Recognition (ACPR), 2013 2nd IAPR Asian Conference on Pattern Recognition, pp.734-735, DOI: 10.1109/acpr.2013.188.

Buzmakov, A, Chukalina, M, Nikolaev, D, Schaefer, G, Gulimova, V, Saveliev, S, Tereschenko, E, Seregin, A, Senin, R, Prun, V, Zolotov, D, Asadchikov, V (2013) Computed microtomography and x-ray fluorescence analysis for comprehensive analysis of structural changes in bone. In , Proceedings of the Annual International Conference of the IEEE Engineering in Medicine and Biology Society, EMBS, pp.2340-2343, DOI: 10.1109/EMBC.2013.6610007.

Schaefer, G (2013) Evolutionary optimisation of classifiers and classifier ensembles for cost-sensitive pattern recognition. In , SACI 2013 - 8th IEEE International Symposium on Applied Computational Intelligence and Informatics, Proceedings, pp.343-346, DOI: 10.1109/SACI.2013.6608995.

Krawczyk, B and Schaefer, G (2013) An improved ensemble approach for imbalanced classification problems. In , SACI 2013 - 8th IEEE International Symposium on Applied Computational Intelligence and Informatics, Proceedings, pp.423-426, DOI: 10.1109/SACI.2013.6609011.

Krawczyk, B and Schaefer, G (2013) A pruned ensemble classifier for effective breast thermogram analysis. In , Proceedings of the Annual International Conference of the IEEE Engineering in Medicine and Biology Society, EMBS, pp.7120-7123, DOI: 10.1109/EMBC.2013.6611199.

Krawczyk, B, Schaefer, G, Wozniak, M (2013) A cost-sensitive ensemble classifier for breast cancer classification. In , SACI 2013 - 8th IEEE International Symposium on Applied Computational Intelligence and Informatics, Proceedings, pp.427-430, DOI: 10.1109/SACI.2013.6609012.

Schaefer, G, Krawczyk, B, Doshi, NP (2013) Improved LBP texture classification using ensemble learning. In , Proceedings - IEEE International Conference on Multimedia and Expo. DOI: 10.1109/ICME.2013.6607569.

Plant, W and Schaefer, G (2013) Exploring mapping-based visualisations of large remote image databases. In , ACM International Conference Proceeding Series, pp.111-112, DOI: 10.1145/2493102.2493120.

Krawczyk, B, Schaefer, G, Wozniak, M (2013) Combining one-class classifiers for imbalanced classification of breast thermogram features. In , Proceedings of the 2013 4th International Workshop on Computational Intelligence in Medical Imaging, CIMI 2013 - 2013 IEEE Symposium Series on Computational Intelligence, SSCI 2013, pp.36-41, DOI: 10.1109/CIMI.2013.6583855.

Doshi, NP and Schaefer, G (2013) Texture classification using compact multi-dimensional local binary pattern descriptors. In , 2013 International Conference on Informatics, Electronics and Vision, ICIEV 2013. DOI: 10.1109/ICIEV.2013.6572563.

Krawczyk, B, Schaefer, G, Wozniak, M (2013) An evaluation of classifier ensembles for class imbalance problems. In , 2013 International Conference on Informatics, Electronics and Vision, ICIEV 2013. DOI: 10.1109/ICIEV.2013.6572691.

Edmundson, D and Schaefer, G (2013) Sorting JPEG images at a glance. In , Proceedings of the 4th ACM Multimedia Systems Conference, MMSys 2013, pp.172-177, DOI: 10.1145/2483977.2484000.

Schaefer, G (2013) Content-based browsing of image collections. In 8th International Conference on Digital Information Management, 8th International Conference on Digital Information Management, ICDIM 2013, Islamabad, pp.4-6, ISBN: 9781479906130. DOI: 10.1109/ICDIM.2013.6694034.

Zhou, H, Li, X, Schaefer, G, Celebi, ME, Miller, P (2013) Mean shift based gradient vector flow for image segmentation. In , Computer Vision and Image Understanding, pp.1004-1016, DOI: 10.1016/j.cviu.2012.11.015.

Schaefer, G, Edmundson, D, Zhu, SY (2013) Online visualisation of google images results. In , Lecture Notes in Computer Science (including subseries Lecture Notes in Artificial Intelligence and Lecture Notes in Bioinformatics), pp.221-230, DOI: 10.1007/978-3-319-02750-0_23.

Krawczyk, B and Schaefer, G (2013) An analysis of properties of malignant cases for imbalanced breast thermogram feature classification. In , Proceedings - 2nd IAPR Asian Conference on Pattern Recognition, ACPR 2013, pp.305-309, DOI: 10.1109/ACPR.2013.45.

Edmundon, D and Schaefer, G (2013) Very fast image retrieval based on JPEG huffman tables. In , Proceedings - 2nd IAPR Asian Conference on Pattern Recognition, ACPR 2013, pp.29-33, DOI: 10.1109/ACPR.2013.18.

Schaefer, G, Krawczyk, B, Celebi, ME, Iyatomi, H (2013) Melanoma classification using dermoscopy imaging and ensemble learning. In , Proceedings - 2nd IAPR Asian Conference on Pattern Recognition, ACPR 2013, pp.386-390, DOI: 10.1109/ACPR.2013.102.

Moftah, H, Ibrahim, M, Hassanien, AE, Schaefer, G (2013) Mammary gland tumor detection in cats using ant colony optimisation. In , Proceedings - 2nd IAPR Asian Conference on Pattern Recognition, ACPR 2013, pp.942-945, DOI: 10.1109/ACPR.2013.173.

Schaefer, G, Doshi, NP, Krawczyk, B (2013) HEp-2 cell classification using multi-dimensional local binary patterns and ensemble classification. In , Proceedings - 2nd IAPR Asian Conference on Pattern Recognition, ACPR 2013, pp.951-955, DOI: 10.1109/ACPR.2013.175.

Schaefer, G (2013) Interactive exploration of large photo libraries. In , ACM International Conference Proceeding Series, pp.3-5, DOI: 10.1145/2556871.2556873.

Doshi, NP and Schaefer, G (2013) Automatic classification of HEp-2 cells using multi-dimensional local binary patterns. In , Proceedings - 2nd IAPR Asian Conference on Pattern Recognition, ACPR 2013, pp.293-297, DOI: 10.1109/ACPR.2013.71.

Imtiaz, H, Mahbub, U, Schaefer, G, Ahad, MAR (2013) A multi-resolution action recognition algorithm using wavelet domain features. In , Proceedings - 2nd IAPR Asian Conference on Pattern Recognition, ACPR 2013, pp.537-541, DOI: 10.1109/ACPR.2013.143.

Doshi, NP and Schaefer, G (2013) Texture classification using multi-dimensional LBP variance. In , Proceedings - 2nd IAPR Asian Conference on Pattern Recognition, ACPR 2013, pp.672-676, DOI: 10.1109/ACPR.2013.36.

Anter, AM, Hassanien, AE, Schaefer, G (2013) Automatic segmentation and classification of liver abnormalities using fractal dimension. In , Proceedings - 2nd IAPR Asian Conference on Pattern Recognition, ACPR 2013, pp.937-941, DOI: 10.1109/ACPR.2013.172.

Schaefer, G (2013) Efficient and effective JPEG compressed domain image retrieval. In , PROCEEDINGS OF 3RD INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON MULTIMEDIA TECHNOLOGY (ICMT-13), pp.27-31.

Doshi, NP, Krawczyk, B, Schaefer, G (2013) Trained ensemble classification of texture features for nailfold capillaroscopy pattern recognition. In , Int. Conference on Medical Imaging using Bio-inspired and Soft Computing.

Krawczyk, B and Schaefer, G (2013) Pruned under-sampling balanced ensemble for breast thermogram analysis. In , Int. Conference on Medical Imaging using Bio-inspired and Soft Computing.

Schaefer, G, Krawczyk, B, Doshi, NP, Merla, A (2013) Automatic detection of scleroderma patterns in nailfold capillaroscopy images. In , 17th Annual Conference in Medical Image Understanding and Analysis.

Doshi, NP and Schaefer, K (2013) A review of computerised nailfold capillaroscopy. In , 17th Annual Conference in Medical Image Understanding and Analysis.

Schaefer, G (2013) Visualisation of large image collections. In , 6th International Symposium on Visual Information Communication and Interaction, pp.121-121.

Doshi, NP and Schaefer, G (2013) Reducing the complexity of multi-dimensional LBP texture features using genetic optimisation. In , International Conference on Image Processing, Computer Vision, and Pattern Recognition, pp.769-773.

Schaefer, G (2012) Interacting with image collections - Visualisation and browsing of image repositories. In , MM 2012 - Proceedings of the 20th ACM International Conference on Multimedia, pp.1527-1528, DOI: 10.1145/2393347.2396550.

Plant, W and Schaefer, G (2012) Interactive exploration of large remote image databases. In , MM 2012 - Proceedings of the 20th ACM International Conference on Multimedia, pp.1305-1306, DOI: 10.1145/2393347.2396455.

Ahlström, D, Hudelist, MA, Schoeffmann, K, Schaefer, G (2012) A user study on image browsing on touchscreens. In , MM 2012 - Proceedings of the 20th ACM International Conference on Multimedia, pp.925-928, DOI: 10.1145/2393347.2396348.

Edmundson, D and Schaefer, G (2012) An overview and evaluation of JPEG compressed domain retrieval techniques. In , Proceedings Elmar - International Symposium Electronics in Marine, pp.75-78.

Doshi, NP and Schaefer, G (2012) Rotation-invariant local binary pattern texture classification. In , Proceedings Elmar - International Symposium Electronics in Marine, pp.71-74.

Schaefer, G and Edmundson, D (2012) Fast content-based retrieval from online photo sharing sites. In , Lecture Notes in Computer Science (including subseries Lecture Notes in Artificial Intelligence and Lecture Notes in Bioinformatics), pp.278-287, DOI: 10.1007/978-3-642-35236-2_28.

Schaefer, G and Edmundson, D (2012) DC stream based JPEG compressed domain image retrieval. In , Lecture Notes in Computer Science (including subseries Lecture Notes in Artificial Intelligence and Lecture Notes in Bioinformatics), pp.318-327, DOI: 10.1007/978-3-642-35236-2_32.

Schaefer, G, Tallyn, M, Felton, D, Edmundson, D, Plant, W (2012) Interactive exploration of image collections on mobile devices. In , Lecture Notes in Computer Science (including subseries Lecture Notes in Artificial Intelligence and Lecture Notes in Bioinformatics), pp.288-296, DOI: 10.1007/978-3-642-35236-2_29.

Edmundson, D and Schaefer, G (2012) Efficient and effective online image retrieval. In , Conference Proceedings - IEEE International Conference on Systems, Man and Cybernetics, pp.2312-2317, DOI: 10.1109/ICSMC.2012.6378086.

Doshi, NP, Schaefer, G, Merla, A (2012) An evaluation of image enhancement techniques for capillary imaging. In , Conference Proceedings - IEEE International Conference on Systems, Man and Cybernetics, pp.1428-1432, DOI: 10.1109/ICSMC.2012.6377935.

Schaefer, G, Edmundson, D, Takada, K, Tsuruta, S, Sakurai, Y (2012) Effective and efficient filtering of retrieved images based on JPEG header information. In , 8th International Conference on Signal Image Technology and Internet Based Systems, SITIS 2012r, pp.644-649, DOI: 10.1109/SITIS.2012.97.

Doshi, N and Schaefer, G (2012) A comparative analysis of local binary pattern texture classification. In , 2012 IEEE Visual Communications and Image Processing, VCIP 2012. DOI: 10.1109/VCIP.2012.6410773.

Edmundson, D and Schaefer, G (2012) JIRL - A C++ library for JPEG compressed domain image retrieval. In , Proceedings - 2012 IEEE International Symposium on Multimedia, ISM 2012, pp.210-213, DOI: 10.1109/ISM.2012.48.

Schaefer, G, Tallyn, M, Felton, D, Edmundson, D, Plant, W (2012) Intuitive mobile image browsing on a hexagonal lattice. In , 2012 IEEE Visual Communications and Image Processing, VCIP 2012. DOI: 10.1109/VCIP.2012.6410864.

Edmundson, D and Schaefer, G (2012) Efficient filtering of JPEG images. In , Proceedings - 2012 IEEE International Symposium on Multimedia, ISM 2012, pp.433-438, DOI: 10.1109/ISM.2012.88.

Edmundson, D and Schaefer, G (2012) Exploiting JPEG compression for image retrieval. In , Proceedings - 2012 IEEE International Symposium on Multimedia, ISM 2012, pp.485-486, DOI: 10.1109/ISM.2012.99.

Schaefer, G (2012) GA-based optimisation of fuzzy rule bases for pattern classification. In , 11th Symposium on Neural Network Applications in Electrical Engineering,NEUREL 2012 - Proceedings, pp.139-141, DOI: 10.1109/NEUREL.2012.6419989.

Uddin, B, Celebi, ME, Kingravi, H, Schaefer, G (2012) Accurate genomic signal recovery using compressed sensing. In , Proceedings - International Conference on Pattern Recognition, pp.3144-3147.

Doshi, NP and Schaefer, G (2012) A comprehensive benchmark of local binary pattern algorithms for texture retrieval. In , Proceedings - International Conference on Pattern Recognition, pp.2760-2763.

Schaefer, G and Doshi, NP (2012) Multi-dimensional local binary pattern descriptors for improved texture analysis. In , Proceedings - International Conference on Pattern Recognition, pp.2500-2503.

Krawczyk, B and Schaefer, G (2012) Effective multiple classifier systems for breast thermogram analysis. In , Proceedings - International Conference on Pattern Recognition, pp.3345-3348.

Krawczyk, B and Schaefer, G (2012) Ensemble fusion methods for medical data classification. In , 11th Symposium on Neural Network Applications in Electrical Engineering,NEUREL 2012 - Proceedings, pp.143-146, DOI: 10.1109/NEUREL.2012.6419993.

Edmundson, D and Schaefer, G (2012) Fast JPEG image retrieval using optimised Huffman tables. In , Proceedings - International Conference on Pattern Recognition, pp.3188-3191.

Doshi, NP, Schaefer, G, Merla, A (2012) Robust nailfold capillary skeleton extraction. In , International Conference on Emerging Trends in Engineering and Technology, ICETET, pp.19-23, DOI: 10.1109/ICETET.2012.30.

Edmundson, D and Schaefer, G (2012) Flickr Retriever - Fast retrieval of Flickr photos. In , Proceedings - 2012 IEEE/WIC/ACM International Conference on Web Intelligence, WI 2012, pp.639-640, DOI: 10.1109/WI-IAT.2012.234.

Edmundson, D and Schaefer, G (2012) Recompressing images to improve image retrieval performance. In , ICASSP, IEEE International Conference on Acoustics, Speech and Signal Processing - Proceedings, pp.1541-1544, DOI: 10.1109/ICASSP.2012.6288185.

Mostafa, A, Hefny, H, Ghali, NI, Hassanien, AE, Schaefer, G (2012) Evaluating the effects of image filters in CT Liver CAD system. In , Proceedings - IEEE-EMBS International Conference on Biomedical and Health Informatics: Global Grand Challenge of Health Informatics, BHI 2012, pp.448-451, DOI: 10.1109/BHI.2012.6211613.

Krawczyk, B, Schaefer, G, Wozniak, M (2012) Breast thermogram analysis using a cost-sensitive multiple classifier system. In , Proceedings - IEEE-EMBS International Conference on Biomedical and Health Informatics: Global Grand Challenge of Health Informatics, BHI 2012, pp.507-510, DOI: 10.1109/BHI.2012.6211629.

Ahmed, SA, Nassef, TM, Ghali, NI, Schaefer, G, Hassanien, AE (2012) Determining protrusion cephalometric readings from panoramic radiographic images. In , Proceedings - IEEE-EMBS International Conference on Biomedical and Health Informatics: Global Grand Challenge of Health Informatics, BHI 2012, pp.321-324, DOI: 10.1109/BHI.2012.6211577.

Doshi, NP, Schaefer, G, Merla, A (2012) Enhancement of nailfold capillaroscopy images. In , Proceedings - IEEE-EMBS International Conference on Biomedical and Health Informatics: Global Grand Challenge of Health Informatics, BHI 2012, pp.452-455, DOI: 10.1109/BHI.2012.6211614.

Doshi, NP, Schaefer, G, Merla, A (2012) Nailfold capillaroscopy pattern recognition using texture analysis. In , Proceedings - IEEE-EMBS International Conference on Biomedical and Health Informatics: Global Grand Challenge of Health Informatics, BHI 2012, pp.491-494, DOI: 10.1109/BHI.2012.6211625.

Schoeffmann, K, Hudelist, MA, Del Fabro, M, Schaefer, G (2012) Mobile image browsing on a 3D globe. In , Proceedings of the 2nd ACM International Conference on Multimedia Retrieval, ICMR 2012. DOI: 10.1145/2324796.2324866.

Schaefer, G (2012) Mobile image browsing. In , Proceedings of the Mediterranean Electrotechnical Conference - MELECON, pp.141-143, DOI: 10.1109/MELCON.2012.6196399.

Schaefer, G (2012) Interactive browsing of image repositories (invited paper). In , Lecture Notes in Computer Science (including subseries Lecture Notes in Artificial Intelligence and Lecture Notes in Bioinformatics), pp.236-244, DOI: 10.1007/978-3-642-33564-8_29.

Celebi, ME, Wen, Q, Schaefer, G, Zhou, H (2012) Batch neural gas with deterministic initialization for color quantization. In , Lecture Notes in Computer Science (including subseries Lecture Notes in Artificial Intelligence and Lecture Notes in Bioinformatics), pp.48-54, DOI: 10.1007/978-3-642-33564-8_6.

Edmundson, D, Schaefer, G, Celebi, ME (2012) Robust texture retrieval of compressed images. In , IEEE PES Innovative Smart Grid Technologies Conference Europe, pp.2421-2424, DOI: 10.1109/ICIP.2012.6467386.

Schaefer, G (2012) GA-based Optimization of Fuzzy Rule Bases for Pattern Classification. In Reljin, B and Stankovic, S (ed) 11th Symposium on Neural Network Applications in Electrical Engineering (NEUREL), ELEVENTH SYMPOSIUM ON NEURAL NETWORK APPLICATIONS IN ELECTRICAL ENGINEERING (NEUREL 2012), Univ Belgrade, Fac Elect Engn, Belgrade, SERBIA.

Schaefer, G (2011) Computational intelligence techniques for colour clustering. In , Proceedings of the 2011 International Conference on Innovative Computing and Cloud Computing, ICCC'11, pp.1-5, DOI: 10.1145/2071639.2071640.

Zhu, T and Schaefer, G (2011) Scale-invariant vesselness filtering for simultaneous extraction of optimal medial and boundary paths in retinal images. In , Proceedings of the Annual International Conference of the IEEE Engineering in Medicine and Biology Society, EMBS, pp.2610-2613, ISBN: 9781424441211. DOI: 10.1109/IEMBS.2011.6090720.

Zhu, T and Schaefer, G (2011) Retinal vessel extraction using a piecewise Gaussian scaled model. In , Proceedings of the Annual International Conference of the IEEE Engineering in Medicine and Biology Society, EMBS, pp.5008-5011, DOI: 10.1109/IEMBS.2011.6091241.

Banerjee, S, Bhunia, S, Schaefer, G (2011) Osteophyte detection for hand osteoarthritis identification in x-ray images using CNNs. In , Proceedings of the Annual International Conference of the IEEE Engineering in Medicine and Biology Society, EMBS, pp.6196-6199, DOI: 10.1109/IEMBS.2011.6091530.

Zhu, T and Schaefer, G (2011) Scale-invariant vesselness filtering for simultaneous extraction of optimal medial and boundary paths in retinal images. In , Proceedings of the Annual International Conference of the IEEE Engineering in Medicine and Biology Society, EMBS, pp.2610-2613, DOI: 10.1109/IEMBS.2011.6090720.

Schaefer, G (2011) Interactive navigation of image collections. In , Lecture Notes in Computer Science (including subseries Lecture Notes in Artificial Intelligence and Lecture Notes in Bioinformatics), pp.30-36, DOI: 10.1007/978-3-642-27142-7_4.

(2011) Efficient and effective regularised ART for computed tomography. In , Conference proceedings : .. Annual International Conference of the IEEE Engineering in Medicine and Biology Society. IEEE Engineering in Medicine and Biology Society. Conference, pp.6200-6203.

Schaefer, G, Fox, M, Plant, W, Stuttard, M (2011) Truly interactive approaches to browsing image databases. In , Proceedings - 7th International Conference on Signal Image Technology and Internet-Based Systems, SITIS 2011, pp.340-344, DOI: 10.1109/SITIS.2011.28.

Wen, Q, Celebi, ME, Schaefer, G (2011) A comparative study of k-means and fuzzy c-means for color reduction. In , Proceedings of the 2011 International Conference on Image Processing, Computer Vision, and Pattern Recognition, IPCV 2011, pp.479-483.

Schaefer, G (2011) Mining image databases by content. In , Lecture Notes in Computer Science (including subseries Lecture Notes in Artificial Intelligence and Lecture Notes in Bioinformatics), pp.66-67, DOI: 10.1007/978-3-642-24577-0_7.

Schaefer, G (2011) Colour for image retrieval and image browsing. In , Proceedings Elmar - International Symposium Electronics in Marine, pp.1-3.

Schaefer, G (2011) Content-based image retrieval: Advanced topics. In , Advances in Intelligent and Soft Computing, pp.31-37, DOI: 10.1007/978-3-642-23169-8_4.

Schaefer, G (2011) Content-based image retrieval: Some basics. In , Advances in Intelligent and Soft Computing, pp.21-29, DOI: 10.1007/978-3-642-23169-8_3.

Schaefer, G (2011) Navigating large image databases. In , 2011 International Conference on Multimedia Technology, ICMT 2011, pp.6454-6456, DOI: 10.1109/ICMT.2011.6003055.

Schaefer, G (2011) Image browsers - Effective and efficient tools for managing large image collections. In , International Conference on Multimedia Computing and Systems -Proceedings. DOI: 10.1109/ICMCS.2011.5945565.

Hardeberg, J and Schaefer, G (2011) SIT track editorial message - Signal and image technologies. In , Proceedings - 7th International Conference on Signal Image Technology and Internet-Based Systems, SITIS 2011, p.24, DOI: 10.1109/SITIS.2011.77.

Schaefer, G (2011) Hybrid fuzzy rule-based classification. In , Proceedings - 13th International Symposium on Symbolic and Numeric Algorithms for Scientific Computing, SYNASC 2011, pp.13-15, DOI: 10.1109/SYNASC.2011.61.

Schaefer, G (2011) Interactive Exploration of Image Collections. In , pp.229-238, ISBN: 9783642203190. DOI: 10.1007/978-3-642-20320-6_24.

Usilin, S, Nikolaev, D, Postnikov, V, Schaefer, G (2010) Visual appearance based document image classification. In , Proceedings - International Conference on Image Processing, ICIP, pp.2133-2136, DOI: 10.1109/ICIP.2010.5652024.

Schaefer, G (2010) Content-based retrieval of compressed images. In , CEUR Workshop Proceedings, pp.175-185.

Zhou, H and Schaefer, G (2010) Semantic features for face recognition. In 52nd Int. Symposium ELMAR, ELMAR 2010, Zadar, Croatia, pp.33-36.

Zhou, H and Schaefer, G (2010) Non-rigid object tracking. In 52nd Int. Symposium ELMAR, ELMAR 2010, Zadar, Croatia, pp.101-104.

Subashini, P, Krishnanevi, M, Kwintiana Ane, B, Roller, D, Schaefer, G (2010) A combined preprocessing scheme for texture based ice classification from SAR images. In 1st Amrita ACM-W Celebration on Women in Computing in India, A2CWiC '10, pp.33:1-33:6, ISBN: 978-1-4503-0194-7. DOI: 10.1145/1858378.1858411.

Zhou, H, Schaefer, G, Liu, T, Lin, F (2010) An improved gradient vector flow algorithm for optic disc segmentation. In 32nd IEEE Int. Conference on Engineering in Medicine and Biology, Buenos Aires, Argentina, pp.4793-4796, ISBN: 978-1-4244-4124-2.

Zhou, H, Schaefer, G, Celebi, ME, Iyatomi, H, Norton, KA, Liu, T, Lin, F (2010) Skin lesion segmentation using an improved snake model. In 32nd IEEE Int. Conference on Engineering in Medicineand Biology, Engineering in Medicine and Biology Society (EMBC) 2010, Buenos Aires, Argentina, pp.1974-1977, ISBN: 978-1-4244-4123-5. DOI: 10.1109/IEMBS.2010.5627556.

Schaefer, G and Nakashima, T (2010) Hybrid cost-sensitive fuzzy classification for breast cancer diagnosis. In 32nd IEEE Int. Conference on Engineering in Medicine and Biology, IEEE Engineering in Medicine and Biology Society, pp.6170-6173.

Norton, KA, Iyatomi, H, Celebi, ME, Schaefer, G, Tanaka, M, Ogawa, K (2010) Development of a novel border detection method for melanocytic and non-melanocytic dermoscopy images. In 32nd IEEE Int. Conference on Engineering in Medicine and Biology, IEEE Engineering in Medicine and Biology Society, Buenos Aires, Argentina, pp.5403-5406, ISBN: 978-1-4244-4123-5. DOI: 10.1109/IEMBS.2010.5626499.

Iyatomi, H, Norton, KA, Celebi, ME, Schaefer, G, Tanaka, M, Ogawa, K (2010) Classification of melancytic skin lesions from non-melanocytic lesions. In 32nd IEEE Int. Conference on Engineering in Medicine and Biology, IEEE Engineering in Medicine and Biology Society, Buenos Aires, Argentina, pp.5407-5410.

Darwish, AA, Zaki, WM, Schaefer, G, Saad, OM, Nassar, NM (2010) Human Authentication Using Face and Fingerprint Biometrics. In 2nd Int. Conference on Computational Intelligence, Communication Systems and Networks, IEEE Computer Society, Liverpool, UK, pp.274-278, ISBN: 978-0-7695-4158-7. DOI: 10.1109/CICSyN.2010.40.

Zhou, H, Schaefer, G, Yuan, Y, Celebi, ME (2010) Can mean shift trackers perform better?. In 6th Int. Conference on Signal-Image Technology and Internet-based Systems, Signal-Image Technology and Internet-based Systems (SITIS), Kuala Lumpur, pp.98-101, ISBN: 978-1-4244-9527-6. DOI: 10.1109/SITIS.2010.26.

Sokolov, V, Nikolaev, D, Karpenko, S, Schaefer, G (2010) On contrast-preserving visualisation of multispectral datasets. In Int. Syposium on Visual Computing, Advances in Visual Computing, pp.173-180, DOI: 10.1007/978-3-642-17289_17.

Nolle, L and Schaefer, G (2010) Evolutionary approaches for optimisation problems. In 15th Online World Conference on Soft Computing in Industrial Applications, Advances in Intelligent and Soft Computing, pp.29-52, DOI: 10.1007/978-3-642-20505-7_3.

Celebi, ME, Hwang, S, Iyatomi, H, Schaefer, G (2010) Robust border-detection in dermoscopy images using threshold fusion. In 17th IEEE Int. Conference on Image Processing, Computer and Information Science, pp.2541-2544, DOI: 10.1109/ICIP.2010.5653514.

Iyatomi, H, Celebi, ME, Schaefer, G, Tanaka, M (2010) Automated color calibration method for dermoscopy images. In 17th IEEE Int. Conference on Image Processing, Computerised medical imaging and graphics, pp.4357-4360.

Plant, W and Schaefer, G (2010) Image retrieval on the Honeycomb Image Browser. In 17th IEEE Int. Conference on Image Processing, Image Processing (ICIP), Hong Kong, pp.3161-3164, ISBN: 978-1-4244-7992-4. DOI: 10.1109/ICIP.2010.5648905.

Celebi, ME, Schaefer, G, Zhou, H (2010) A new family of order-statistics based switching vector filters. In 17th Int. Conference on Image Processing, Image Processing (ICIP), Hong Kong, pp.97-100, DOI: 10.1109/ICIP.2010.5652670.

Zhou, H and Schaefer, G (2010) Robust estimation of the fundamental matrix. In 17th IEEE Int. Conference on Image Processing, Image Processing (ICIP), Hong Kong, pp.4233-4236, ISBN: 978-1-4244-7992-4. DOI: 10.1109/ICIP.2010.5651940.

Usilin, S, Nikolaev, D, Postnikov, V, Schaefer, G (2010) Document classification using face detection algorithm. In 17th IEEE Int. Conference on Image Processing, Image Processing (ICIP), Hong Kong, pp.2133-2136, ISBN: 978-1-4244-7992-4. DOI: 10.1109/ICIP.2010.5652024.

Schaefer, G (2010) An uncompressed benchmark image dataset for colour imaging. In 17th IEEE Int. Conference on Image Processing, Image Processing (ICIP), Hong Kong, pp.3537-3540, ISBN: 978-1-4244-7992-4. DOI: 10.1109/ICIP.2010.5651245.

Celebi, ME and Schaefer, G (2010) Neural gas clustering for color reduction. In 2nd Workshop on Soft Computing in Image Processing and Computer Vision held in conjunction with Int. Conference on Image Processing, Computer Vision, and Pattern Recognition, Soft Computing in Image Processing and Computer Vision, Las Vegas, USA, pp.429-432.

Sahba, F, Venetsanopoulos, A, Schaefer, G (2010) A review of recent fuzzy-based methods for computer-aided detection and classification of breast cancer using mammography. In 2nd Workshop on Soft Computing in Image Processing and Computer Vision held in conjunction with Int. Conference on Image Processing, Computer Vision, and Pattern Recognition, , pp.422-428.

Schaefer, G (2010) Fuzzy rule-based classification systems and their application in the medica domain. In 16th Int. Conference on Soft Computing MENDEL, , pp.229-235.

Pal, A, Schaefer, G, Celebi, ME (2010) Robust codebook-based video background subtraction. In IEEE Int. Conference on Acoustics, Speech, and Signal Processing, Acoustics Speech and Signal Processing (ICASSP), Dallas, USA, pp.1146-1149, ISBN: 978-1-4244-4295-9. DOI: 10.1109/ICASSP.2010.5495367.

Schaefer, G (2010) Content-based retrieval from image databases: colour, compression, and browsing. In Int. Conference on Information Retrieval and Knowledge Management, , pp.5-10.

Schaefer, G and Stuttard, M (2010) An on-line tool for browsing large image repositories. In Int. Conference on Information Retrieval and Knowledge Management, Information Retrieval & Knowledge Management (CAMP), Shah Alam, Selangor, pp.102-106, ISBN: 978-1-4244-5650-5. DOI: 10.1109/INFRKM.2010.5466939.

Stuttard, M and Schaefer, G (2010) Image browsing for efficient image annotation. In 52nd Int. Symposium ELMAR, pp.PP.123-125.

Schaefer, G and Nakashima, T (2010) Michigan Style Fuzzy Classification for Gene Expression Analysis. In Gao, XZ, GasparCunha, A, Loppen, M, Schaefer, G, Wang, J (ed) 14th Online World Conference on Soft Computing in Industrial Applications, SOFT COMPUTING IN INDUSTRIAL APPLICATIONS - ALGORITHMS, INTEGRATION, AND SUCCESS STORIES, ELECTR NETWORK, pp.101-+, ISBN: 978-3-642-11281-2.

Schaefer, G and Tait, R (2010) Distributed Multimedia Computing Using Intelligent Agents. In Gao, XZ, GasparCunha, A, Loppen, M, Schaefer, G, Wang, J (ed) 14th Online World Conference on Soft Computing in Industrial Applications, SOFT COMPUTING IN INDUSTRIAL APPLICATIONS - ALGORITHMS, INTEGRATION, AND SUCCESS STORIES, ELECTR NETWORK, pp.197-+, ISBN: 978-3-642-11281-2.

Zhou, H and Schaefer, G (2009) Effective and efficient tracking and ego-motion recovery for mobile cameras. In , Lecture Notes in Computer Science (including subseries Lecture Notes in Artificial Intelligence and Lecture Notes in Bioinformatics), pp.345-350, DOI: 10.1007/978-3-642-11164-8_56.

Schaefer, G and Nolle, L (2009) An optimisation approach to palette reordering for indexed image compression. In , Advances in Soft Computing, pp.178-185, DOI: 10.1007/978-3-540-88079-0_18.

Asadchikov, VE, Chulichkov, AI, Buzmakov, AV, Chukalina, MV, Nikolaev, DP, Senin, RA, Schaefer, G (2009) Morphological analysis and reconstruction techniques for computer tomography. In Int. Conference on Computer Information Systems and Industrial Management Applications, pp.978-981.

Plant, W and Schaefer, G (2009) An overview of neural networks in simulation soccer. In World Congress on Nature and Biologically Inspired Computing, pp.1620-1625.

Plant, W and Schaefer, G (2009) Navigation and Browsing of image databases. In Int. Conference on Soft Computing and Pattern Recognition, pp.750-775.

Schaefer, G and Nakashima, T (2009) Hybrid fuzzy classification for gene expression analysis. In 6th Int. Conference on Modeling Decisions for Artificial Intelligence, CD Proceedings, pp.65-73.

Schaefer, G and Nakashima, T (2009) Michigan style fuzzy classification for gene expression analysis. In 14th Online World Conference on Soft Computing in Industrial Applications, .

Schaefer, G and Tait, R (2009) Distributed multimedia computing using intelligent agents. In 14th Online World Conference on Soft Computing in Industrial Applications, .

Hassanien, AE and Schaefer, G (2009) Computational intelligence in speech and audio processing: Recent advances. In 14th Online World Conference on Soft Computing in Industrial Applications, .

Hassanien, AE, Schaefer, G, AlQuaheri, H (2009) Prostate boundary detection in ultrasound images based on type-II fuzzy sets and modified fuzzy c-means. In 14th Online World Conference on Soft Computing in Industrial Applications, 14th Online World Conference on Soft Computing in Industrial applications, .

Celebi, ME, Iyatomi, H, Schaefer, G (2009) Contrast enhancement in dermoscopy images by maximizing a histogram biomodality measure. In IEEE Int. Conference on Image Processing, pp.2601-2064.

Schaefer, G, Rajab, MI, Celebi, ME, Iyatomi, H (2009) Skin lesion extraction in dermoscopic images based on colour enhancement and iterative segmentation. In IEEE Int. Conference on Image Processing, pp.3361-3364.

Zhou, H, Schaefer, G, Celebi, ME, Fei, M (2009) Bayesian image segmentation with mean shift. In IEEE Int. Conference on Image Processing, pp.2405-2408.

Zhou, H, Schaefer, G, Liu, T, Lin, F (2009) 3-D structure recovery from 2-D observations. In IEEE Int. Conference on Image Processing, pp.4309-4312.

Schaefer, G, Rajab, M, Celebi, ME, Iyatomi, H (2009) Skin lesion segmentation using co-operative neural network edge detection and colour normalisation. In 2nd Int. Workshop on Computational Intelligence in Medical Imaging held in conjunction with IEEE Int. Conference on Information Technology and Applications in Biomedicine, .

Iyatomi, H, Kasamatsu, T, Hashimoto, J, Celebi, ME, Schaefer, G, Ogawa, K (2009) Perioperative cardiac risk prediction. In 2nd Int. Workshop on Computational Intelligence in Medical Imaging held in conjunction with IEEE Int. Conference on Information Technology and Applications in Biomedicine, .

Plant, W and Schaefer, G (2009) Visualising imaging databases. In IEEE Int. Workshop on Multimedia Signal Processing, .

Zhou, H, Schaefer, G, Liu, T, Lin, F (2009) A combined gradient vector flow and mean shift approach to image segmentation. In 51st Symposium ELMAR, pp.61-64.

Schaefer, G and Nakashima, T (2009) Application of cost-sensitive fuzzy classifiers to image understanding problems. In IEEE Int. Conference on Fuzzy Systems, pp.1364-1368.

Banerjee, S, Schaefer, G, Vlachos, IK (2009) Cellular neural network based algorthims in the early detection of hand osteoarthritis. In IEEE Int. Conference on Fuzzy Systems, pp.1369-1373.

Plant, W and Schaefer, G (2009) Evaluation and benchmarking of image database navigation tools. In Int. Conference on Image Processing, Computer Vision, and Pattern Recognition, pp.248-254.

Schaefer, G (2009) Ant colony classification for analysis of image features in breast thermograms. In Workshop on Soft Computing in Image Processing and Computer Vision held in conjunction with Int. Conference on Image Processing, Computer Vision, and Pattern Recognition, pp.881-885.

Nachtegael, M, Schaefer, G, Melange, T, Kerre, EE (2009) Fuzzy image retrieval: A selection of recent advances. In Workshop on Soft Computing in Image Processing and Computer Vision held in conjunction with Int. Conference on Image Processing, Computer Vision, and Pattern Recongnition, pp.864-869.

Tarnawski, W, Schaefer, G, Nakashima, T, Miroslaw, L (2009) Fuzzy rule-based classification systems in medical image understanding. In Workshop on Soft Computing in Image Processing and Computer Vision held in conjunction with Int. Conference on Image Processing, Computer Vision, and Pattern Recognition, pp.PP.859-863.

Schaefer, G and Zhu, SY (2009) Teaching computer game development using free and open-source software. In Int. Conference on Education and New Learning Technologies, .

Zhu, SY and Schaefer, G (2009) Using network simulation tools to support teaching in computer networks. In Int. Conference on Education and New Learning Technologies, .

Schaefer, G, Hu, Q, Zhou, H, Peters, JF (2009) Fuzzy rough c-means clustering for image colouring quantisation. In 1st Int. Workshop on Rough Sets Theory, pp.23-24.

Celebi, ME, Iyatomi, H, Schaefer, G, Stoecker, WV (2009) Localization of lesions in dermoscopy images using ensembles of thresholding techniques. In Pacific-rim Symposium on Image and Video Technology, pp.1094-1103.

Schaefer, G, Zhou, H, Hu, Q, Hassanien, AE (2009) Rough Image Colour Quantisation. In Sakai, H, Chakraborty, MK, Hassanien, AE, Slezak, D, Zhu, W (ed) 12th International Conference on Rough Sets, Fuzzy Sets, Data Mining and Granular Computing, ROUGH SETS, FUZZY SETS, DATA MINING AND GRANULAR COMPUTING, PROCEEDINGS, Indian Inst Technol, Delhi, INDIA, pp.217-+, ISBN: 978-3-642-10645-3.

Schaefer, G (2009) Ant Colony Optimisation Classification for Gene Expression Data Analysis. In Sakai, H, Chakraborty, MK, Hassanien, AE, Slezak, D, Zhu, W (ed) 12th International Conference on Rough Sets, Fuzzy Sets, Data Mining and Granular Computing, ROUGH SETS, FUZZY SETS, DATA MINING AND GRANULAR COMPUTING, PROCEEDINGS, Indian Inst Technol, Delhi, INDIA, pp.463-469, ISBN: 978-3-642-10645-3.

Hassanien, AE, Abraham, A, Peters, JF, Schaefer, G (2009) Rough sets in medical informatics applications. In , Advances in Intelligent and Soft Computing, pp.23-30, DOI: 10.1007/978-3-540-89619-7_3.

Zhou, H, Schaefer, G, Shi, C (2008) A mean shift based fuzzy c-means algorithm for image segmentation. In , Proceedings of the 30th Annual International Conference of the IEEE Engineering in Medicine and Biology Society, EMBS'08 - "Personalized Healthcare through Technology", pp.3091-3094.

Schaefer, G, Celebi, ME, Chukalina, M, Nikolaev, D (2008) Workshop on computational intelligence in medical imaging. In , 5th International Conference on Soft Computing as Transdisciplinary Science and Technology, CSTST '08 - Proceedings.

Plant, WR, Schaefer, G, Nakashima, T (2008) An overview of genetic algorithms in simulation soccer. In , 2008 IEEE Congress on Evolutionary Computation, CEC 2008, pp.3897-3904, DOI: 10.1109/CEC.2008.4631327.

Schaefer, G, Nakashima, T, Zavisek, M (2008) Analysis of breast thermograms based on statistical image features and hybrid fuzzy classification. In 4th Int. Symposium on Visual Computing, pp.753-762.

Schaefer, G and Zhou, H (2008) Fuzzy approaches for colour image palette selection. In 13th Online World Conference on Soft Computing in Industrial Applications, pp.473-482.

Hssanien, AE, Abraham, A, Peters, JF, Schaefer, G (2008) An overview of rough-hybrid approaches in image processing. In IEEE Int. Conference on Fuzzy Systems, pp.2135-2142.

Plant, W, Schaefer, G, Nakashima, T (2008) An overview of genetic algorithms in simulation soccer. In IEEE Congress on Evolutionary Computing, pp.3898-4905.

Schaefer, G, Staroloski, R, Pawlak, D, Zhu, SY (2008) Wavelet based retrieval of medical thermograms. In 5th Int. Conference on Information Technology and Applications in Biomedicine, pp.135-137.

Starosolski, R, Schaefer, G, Moleda, M, Zhu, SY (2008) Content-based retrieval of compressed medical images. In 5th Int. Conference on Information Technology and Applications in Biomedicine, pp.157-159.

Osman, T, Thakker, D, Schaefer, G, Geslin, T, Kiffer, P (2008) Semanti-based expansion of image retrieval queries. In 2nd Int. Workshop on Language Resources for Content-based Image Retrieval, pp.12-17.

Hassanien, AE, Abraham, A, Peters, JF, Schaefer, G (2008) Rough sets in medical engineering applications. In 13th Online World Conference on Soft Computing in Industrial Applications, pp.23-30.

Zhou, H, Schaefer, G, Sadka, A, Celebi, ME (2008) Anisotropic mean shift based fuzzy e-means segmentation of skin lesions. In 1st Int. Workshop on Computational Ingelligence in Medical Imaging held in conjuction with the 5th Int. Conference on Soft Computing as Transdisciplinary Science and Technology, 1st Int. Workshop on Computational Ingelligence in Medical Imaging held in conjunction with the 5th Int. Conference on Soft Computing as Transdisciplinary Science and Technology, pp.438-443.

Schaefer, G, Nowosielski, R, Starosolski, R (2008) Evaluation of lossless image compression algorithms for CFA data. In 50th Int. Symposium ELMAR, pp.57-60.

Schaefer, G and Starosolski, R (2008) A comparison of two methods for retrieval of medical images in the compressed domain. In IEEE Int. Conference on Engineering in Medicine and Biology, pp.402-405.

Zhou, H, Schaefer, G, Shi, C (2008) A mean shift based fuzzy c-means algorithms for image segmentation. In IEEE Int. Conference on Engineering in Medicine and Biology, pp.3091-3094.

Celebi, ME, Schaefer, G, Iyatomi, H (2008) Objective evaluation of methods for border detection in dermoscopy images. In IEEE Int. Conference on Engineering in Medicine and Biology, pp.3056-3059.

Nakashima, T, Shoji, Y, Schaefer, G (2008) Cost-sensitive techniques for fuzzy rule-based pattern classification. In World Automation Congress, .

Chukalina, M, Somogyi, A, Nikolaev, D, Schaefer, G (2008) Multi-technique data treatment for mult-spectral image visualisation. In 22nd European Conference on Modelling and Simulation, pp.234-237.

Sayol, J, Nolle, L, Schaefer, G, Nakashima, T (2008) Comparison of simulated annealing and SASS for parameter estimation of biochemical networks. In IEEE Congress on Evolutionary Computing, pp.3568-3571.

Schaefer, G, Starosolski, R, Pawlak, D, Zhu, SY (2008) Wavelet based retrieval of medical thermograms. In , 5th Int. Conference on Information Technology and Applications in Biomedicine, ITAB 2008 in conjunction with 2nd Int. Symposium and Summer School on Biomedical and Health Engineering, IS3BHE 2008, pp.135-137, DOI: 10.1109/ITAB.2008.4570596.

Nakashima, T, Yokota, Y, Ishibuchi, H, Schaefer, G (2007) A cost-based fuzzy system for pattern classification with class importance. In , Proceedings of the 12th International Symposium on Artificial Life and Robotis, AROB 12th'07, pp.422-425.

Schaefer, G, Nakashima, T, Závišek, M, Yokota, Y, Drastich, A, Ishibuchi, H (2007) Breast cancer classification using statistical features and fuzzy classification of thermograms. In , IEEE International Conference on Fuzzy Systems. DOI: 10.1109/FUZZY.2007.4295520.

Tait, R, Schaefer, G, Hopgood, A (2007) Intensity-based image registration using multiple distribute agents. In 27th SGAI Int. Conference on Innovative Techniques and Applications of Artificial Intelligence, pp.147-160.

Nakashima, T, Yokota, Y, Schaefer, G, Ishibuchi, H (2007) Introducing class-based classification priority in fuzzy rule-based classification systems. In IEEE Int. Conference on Fuzzy Systems, pp.1757-1762.

Tait, R, Schaefer, G, Hopgood, A, Nakashima, T (2007) Semantic annotation and retrieval of image collections. In European Conference on Modelling and Simulation, pp.324-329.

Tait, R, Schaefer, G, Hopgood, A, Nakashima, T (2007) High performance image registration using a distributed blackboard architecture. In IEEE Symposium on Computational Intelligence in Image and Signal Processing, pp.252-257.

Schaefer, G, Nakashima, T, Yokota, Y, Ishibuchi, H (2007) Cost-sensitive fuzzy classification for medical diagnosis. In IEEE Symposium on Computational Intelligence in Bioinformatics and Computational Biology, pp.312-316.

Nakashima, T, Yokota, Y, Ishibuchi, H, Schaefer, G (2007) A cost-based fuzzy system for pattern classification with class importance. In 12th Int. Symposium on Artificial Life and Robotics, .

Schaefer, G and Leung, E (2007) Neural networks for exudate detection in retinal images. In 3rd Int. Symposium on Visual Computing, pp.298-306.

Osman, T, Thakker, T, Schaefer, G, Lakin, P (2007) An integretive semantic framework for image annotation and retrieval. In IEEE/WIC/ACM Int. Conference on Web Intelligence, pp.366-373.

Schaefer, G and Nolle, L (2007) An investigation into neural networks for the detection of exudates in retinal images. In 12th Online World Conference on Soft Computing in Industrial Applications, pp.178-185.

Schaefer, G and Leung, E (2007) An investigation into neural networks for the detection of exudates in retinal images. In 12th Online World Conference on Soft Computing in Industrial Applications, pp.169-177.

Schaefer, G and Nolle, L (2007) Palette reordering for quantised image compression through generic optimisation. In 13th Int. MENDEL Conference on Soft Computing, pp.117-121.

Schaefer, G, Nakashima, T, Yokota, Y, Ishibuchi, H (2007) Fuzzy classification of gene expression data. In IEEE Int. Conference on Fuzzy Systems, pp.1090-1095.

Schaefer, G, Nakashima, T, Zavisek, M, Yokota, Y, Drastich, A, Ishibuchi, H (2007) Thermography breast cancer diagnosis by fuzzy classification of statistical image features. In IEEE Int. Conference on Fuzzy Systems, pp.1096-1100.

Osman, T, Thakker, D, Schaefer, G (2007) Integrative Approach for Semantic Image Annotation and Retrieval (abstract). In 2nd Workshop on Challenges and Promise of the Semantic Web, .

Schaefer, G (2007) Image processing techniques for thermal infrared imaging - An overview (abstract). In Clinical Temperature Measurement and Thermography, .

Howell, K and Schaefer, G (2007) A workshop on capillary imaging for the connective tissue diseases (abstract). In Workshop on Capillary Imaging for the Connective Tissue Diseases, .

Nakashima, T, Yokota, Y, Schaefer, G, Ishibuchi, H (2007) Performance evaluation of fuzzy rule-based systems with class priority for medical diagnosis problems. In , 21st European Conference on Modelling and Simulation: Simulations in United Europe, ECMS 2007, pp.283-288, DOI: 10.7148/2007-0283.

Clos, A, Schaefer, G, Nolle, L (2007) Exudate detection in eye digital fundus images using neural networks. In , Mendel, pp.122-127.

Nakashima, T, Yokota, Y, Schaefer, G, Ishibuchi, H (2006) A cost-based fuzzy rule-based system for pattern classification problems. In , IEEE International Conference on Fuzzy Systems, pp.251-255, DOI: 10.1109/FUZZY.2006.1681722.

Tait, RJ, Schaefer, G, Hopgood, AA, Zhu, SY (2006) Efficient 3-D medical image registration using a distributed blackboard architecture. In , Annual International Conference of the IEEE Engineering in Medicine and Biology - Proceedings, pp.3045-3048, DOI: 10.1109/IEMBS.2006.260146.

Schaefer, G, Huguet, J, Zhu, SY, Plassmann, P, Ring, F (2006) Adopting the DICOM standard for medical infrared images. In , Annual International Conference of the IEEE Engineering in Medicine and Biology - Proceedings, pp.236-239, DOI: 10.1109/IEMBS.2006.259523.

Nakashima, T, Yokota, Y, Schaefer, G, Ishibuchi, H (2006) A cost-based fuzzy rule-based system for pattern classification problems. In IEEE Int. Conference on Fuzzy Systems, pp.847-851.

Tait, RJ, Schaefer, G, Howell, K, Hopgood, AA, Woo, P, Harper, J (2006) Automated overlay of visual and thermal medical images. In 18th Int. Eurasip Conference Biosignal 2006, pp.260-262.

Schaefer, G and Nolle, L (2006) A hybrid differential evolution approach to colour map generation. In 20th European Simulation Multiconference, pp.434-436.

Starosolski, R and Schaefer, G (2006) Lossless compression of color medical retinal images. In 20th European Simulation Multiconference, pp.437-442.

Nakashima, T, Yokota, Y, Schaefer, G, Ishibuchi, H (2006) Generating classification rules from numberical data with misclassification cost. In 20th European Simulation Multiconference, pp.79-84.

Nakashima, T, Yokota, Y, Ishibuchi, H, Schaefer, G (2006) Comparative study on fuzzy and non-fuzzy cost-sensitive classification systems. In 11th Int. Symposium on Artificial Life and Robotics, pp.582-585.

Schaefer, G and Starosolski, R (2006) An evaluation of image compression algorithms for colour retinal images. In 7th International Symposium on Biological and Medical Data Analysis, pp.358-367.

Schaefer, G and Ruszala, S (2006) Image database navigation on a hierarchical hue sphere. In 2nd Int. Symposium on Visual Computing, pp.814-823.

Nakashima, T, Yokota, Y, Schaefer, G, Ishibuchi, H (2006) Examining the effect of cost assignment on the performance of cost-based classification systems. In IEEE Int. Conference on Systems, Man and Cybernetics, pp.2772-2777.

El Mihoub, T, Nolle, L, Schaefer, G, Nakashima, T, Hopgood, A (2006) A self-adaptive hybrid genetic algorithm for color clustering. In IEEE Int. Conference on Systems: Man and Cybernetics, pp.3158-3163.

Schaefer, G and Nolle, L (2006) Quality metric based colour palette optimisation. In IEEE Int. Conference on Image Processing, pp.1793-1796.

Yokota, Y, Nakashima, T, Ishibuchi, H, Schaefer, G, Drastich, A, Zavisek, M (2006) Performance evaluation of cost-sensitive fuzzy classification systems for breast cancer diagnosis. In Joint 3rd Int. Conference on Soft Computing and Intelligent Systems and 7th Int. Symposium on Advanced Intelligent Systems, pp.1014-1019.

Tait, RJ, Schaefer, G, Hopgood, AA (2006) iDARBS - A distributed blackboard system for image processing. In 13th Int. Conference on Systems, Signals and Image Processing, pp.431-434.

Tait, RJ, Schaefer, G, Hopgood, AA (2006) Towards high performance image registration using intelligent agents. In 13th Int. Conference on Systems, Signals and Image Processing, pp.435-438.

Schaefer, G and Ruszala, S (2006) Image database navigation on a hierarchical MDS grid. In 28th Pattern Recognition Symposium, pp.304-313.

Schaefer, G, Huguet, J, Plassmann, P, Zhu, SY, Ring, F (2006) Adopting the DICOM standard for medical infrared images. In 28th IEEE Int. Conference Engineering in Medicine and Biology, pp.236-239.

Schaefer, G, Tait, R, Zhu, SY (2006) Overlay of thermal and visual medical images using skin detection and image registration. In 28th IEEE Int. Conference Engineering in Medicine and Biology, pp.965-967.

Schaefer, G and Naumienko, W (2006) Midstream content access by VQ codebook matching. In Int. Conference on Imaging Science, Systems, and Technology, pp.170-176.

Hassanien, AE, Al Qaheri, H, Schaefer, G, Banerjee, S (2006) Intelligent analysis of prostate ultrasound images. In World Congress on Nature and Bioligically Inspired Computing, World Congress on Nature and Biologically Inspired Computing, pp.263-268.

Schaefer, G, Tait, R, Howell, K, Zhu, SY, Harper, J (2006) Thermal-visual composite image generation (abstract). In 10th European Congress on Medical Thermology, .

Schaefer, G, Nakashima, T, Zavisek, M, Drastich, A, Yokota, Y (2006) Cost-sensitive classification of breast cancer thermograms (absract). In 10th European Congress on Medical Thermology, .

Grant, RW, Schaefer, G, Alsewan, M, Given Wilson, R, Kaplan, GR (2006) Threshold studies for a new image compression algorithm for mammographic images (abstract). In European Congress of Radiology, .

Grant, RW, Schaefer, G, Lawinski, C (2006) Image compression of readiology images - new ways to squeeze the budget (abstract). In IPEM Meeting on Digital Mammography, .

Schaefer, G, Huguet, J, Plassmann, P, Zhu, SY, Ring, F (2006) DICOM for infrared imaging (abstract). In 10th European Congress on Medical Thermology, .

Schaefer, G and Ruszala, S (2006) Hierarchical image database navigation on a hue sphere. In , Lecture Notes in Computer Science (including subseries Lecture Notes in Artificial Intelligence and Lecture Notes in Bioinformatics), pp.814-823, DOI: 10.1007/11919629_81.

Abachi, H, Alameldin, T, Alsultanny, YA, Arabnia, HR, Demetriou, GA, Fiaidhi, J, Girija, PN, Grawanis, GA, He, X, Hintz, T, Joshua, R, Karam, JR, Kato, H, Li, KC, Li, P, Li, X, Li, X, Luo, Y, Mayer, J, Mohammed, S, Mun, Y, Ponalagusamy, R, Ro, YM, Schaefer, G, Sim, KS, Sirakov, NM, Shrikumar, H, Vasikarla, S, Watson, LT, Wu, Q, You, J, Zadeh, J, Zhang, C, Zhu, Y (2005) Proceedings of the 2005 international conference on imaging science, systems, and technology: Computer graphics, CISST'05: foreword. In , Proceedings of the 2005 International Conference on Imaging Science, Systems, and Technology: Computer Graphics, CISST'05.

Schaefer, G, Zhu, SY, Ruszala, S (2005) Visualisation of medical infrared image databases. In , Annual International Conference of the IEEE Engineering in Medicine and Biology - Proceedings, pp.634-637.

Nolle, L and Schaefer, G (2005) Hybrid search algorithm applied to the colour quantisastion problem. In 25th SGAI Int. Conference on Innovative Techniques and Applications, 25th SGAI Int. Conference on Innovative Techniques and Applications of Artificial Intelligence, pp.29-36.

Schaefer, G and Ruszala, S (2005) Image database navigation: a globe-al approach. In Int. Symposium on Visual Computing, pp.279-286.

Schaefer, G and Obstoj, J (2005) Lossless compression of CCD sensor data. In Int. Symposium on Visual Computing, pp.420-426.

Schaefer, G and Zhu, SY (2005) Lossy compression of medical infrared images. In 3rd European Medical and Biological Engineering Conference, pp.3118-3121.

Allen, J, Oates, C, Chishti, A, Schaefer, G, Zhu, SY, Ahmed, I, Talbot, D, Murray, A (2005) Renal fistula assessment using automated thermal imaging. In 3rd European Medical and Biological Engineering Conference, pp.3122-3125.

Schaefer, G and Nolle, L (2005) Generic black box optimisation algorithms for colour quantisation. In 10th World Conference on Soft Computing in Industrial Applications, pp.15-21.

Yokota, Y, Nakashima, T, Ishibuchi, H, Schaefer, G (2005) Cost-sensitive approach to the construction of fuzzy classification systems. In 6th Int. Symposium on Advanced Intelligent Systems, pp.197-200.

Yokota, Y, Nakashima, T, Ishibuchi, H, Schaefer, G (2005) Generating fuzzy rules from weighted training patterns for pattern classification. In Fuzzy Systems Symposium, pp.197-200.

Nakashima, T, Yokota, Y, Ishibuchi, H, Schaefer, G (2005) Learning method of fuzzy classification systems using weighted patterns. In Fuzzy Systems Symposium, pp.183-186.

Nakashima, T, Yokota, Y, Ishibuchi, H, Schaefer, G (2005) Learning fuzzy if-then rules for pattern classification with weighted training patterns. In 4th Conference of the European Society for Fuzzy Logic and Technology, pp.1064-1069.

Nakashima, T, Schaefer, G, Yokota, Y, Zhu, SY, Ishibuchi, H (2005) Weighted fuzzy classification with integrated training for medical diagnosis. In 27th IEEE Int. Conference Engineering in Medicine and Biology, pp.1309-1312.

Schaefer, G, Starosolski, R, Zhu, SY (2005) An evaluation of lossless compression algorithms for medical infrared images. In 27th IEEE Int. Conference Engineering in Medicine and Biology, pp.1125-1128.

Schaefer, G, Zhu, SY, Ruszala, S (2005) Visualisation of medical infrared image databases. In 27th IEEE Int. Conference Engineering in Medicine and Biology, pp.1139-1142.

Starosolski, R, Schaefer, G, Zhu, SY (2005) Performance evaluation and optimisation of lossless image compression algorithms applied to medical infrared images. In Medical Image Understanding and Analysis, pp.47-50.

Schaefer, G, Hordley, S, Finlayson, G (2005) A combined physical and statistical approach to colour constancy. In IEEE Int. Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition Conference, pp.148-153.

Lehmann, M, Nolle, L, Schaefer, G (2005) Application of self-organising feature maps with conscience competitive learning to the colour quantisation problem. In 11th Mendel Conference on Soft Computing, pp.85-90.

Bobe, S and Schaefer, G (2005) saLib - A toolbox and visualisation tool for image processing on spiral architecture. In 19th European Simulation Multiconference, pp.277-282.

Tait, RJ, Schaefer, G, Hopgood, AA, Nolle, L (2005) Defect detection using a distributed blackboard architecture. In 19th European Simulation Multiconference, pp.283-287.

Czardybon, M, Nolle, L, Schaefer, G (2005) NTUNE - an educational neural network simulator. In 19th European Simulation Multiconference, pp.97-102.

Schaefer, G, Hordley, S, Finlayson, G (2005) Combining physical and statistical evidence for computational colour constancy. In 10th Congress of the International Colour Association, .

Tait, RJ, Hopgood, AA, Schaefer, G (2005) Registration and fusion of multi-sensor data using multiple agents. In Proc. of SPIE, Vol. 5823 (Imaging and Vision), pp.104-109.

Allen, J, Schaefer, G, Oates, C, Chishti, A, Ahmed, I, Talbot, D, Murray, A (2005) Automated infrared image processing for the assessment of arterio-venous fistula function in renal patients (abstract). In 18th Austrian Congress on Thermology, .

Allen, J, Oates, C, Chishti, A, Schaefer, G, Ahmed, I, Talbot, D, Murray, A (2005) Renal fistula assessment using combined thermal imaging and colour duplex ultrasound (abstract). In 8th Congress of the Polish Associated of Thermology, 8th Congress of the Polish Association of Thermology, .

Jones, B, Zhu, SY, Schaefer, G (2005) Image retrieval based on image parameters rather than textual description (abstract). In Advances in Medical and Forensic Imaging, .

Schaefer, G, Tait, RJ, Howell, K, Hopgood, AA (2005) Automated overlay of visual and thermal images for the assessment of morphea patients (abstract). In IPEM Meeting on Medical Thermography and Thermometry, .

Allen, J, Oates, C, Chishti, A, Schaefer, G, Zhu, SY, Ahmed, I, Talbot, D, Murray, A (2005) Thermography and colour duplex ultrasound assessments of arterio-venous fistula functions in renal patients (abstract). In IPEM Meeting on Medical Thermography and Thermometry, .

Schaefer, G, Starosolski, R, Zhu, SY (2005) An evaluation of lossless compression algorithms for medical infrared images. In , Annual International Conference of the IEEE Engineering in Medicine and Biology - Proceedings, pp.1673-1676, DOI: 10.1109/iembs.2005.1616764.

Schaefer, G, Lieutaud, S, Qiu, G (2004) CVPIC Image retrieval based on block colour co-occurance matrix and pattern histogram. In IEEE Int. Conference on Image Processing, pp.413-416.

Schaefer, G and Stich, M (2004) UCID - An Uncompressed Colour Image Database. In Proc. SPIE Storage and Retrieval Methods and Applications for Multimedia 2004, pp.472-480.

Schaefer, G and Zhu, SY (2004) Compressing thermal medical images (abstract). In UK Symposium on Medical Infrared Thermography, .

Zhu, SY, Schaefer, G, Jones, B (2004) Thermal medical image retrieval by moment functions (abstract). In UK Symposium on Medical Infrared Thermography, .

Schaefer, G (2004) JPEG vs. JPEG2000 from an image retrieval point of view. In Proc. IEEE Int. Conference on Image Processing, pp.437-440.

Schaefer, G (2004) Robust dichromatic colour constancy. In Int. Conference on Image Analysis and Recognition, pp.257-264.

Schaefer, G and Lieutaud, S (2004) CVPIC compressed domain image retrieval by colour and shape. In Int. Conference on Image Analysis and Recognition, pp.778-786.

Schaefer, G, Zhu, SY, Jones, B (2004) An image retrieval approach for thermal medical images. In Medical Image Understanding and Analysis, pp.181-183.

Schaefer, G (2004) How useful are colour invariants for image retrieval. In Int. Conference on Computer Vision and Graphics, .

Schaefer, G, Zhu, SY, Jones, B (2004) Retrieving thermal medical images. In Int. Conference on Computer Vision and Graphics, .

Schaefer, G and Lieutaud, S (2004) CVPIC based uniform/non-uniform colour histograms for compressed domain image retrieval`. In 7th Int. Conference on VISual Information Systems, pp.344-348.

Ruszala, SD and Schaefer, G (2004) Visualisation models for image databases: A comparison of six approaches. In Irish Machine Vision & Image Processing Conference, pp.186-191.

Jones, BF, Schaefer, G, Zhu, SY (2004) Content-based image retrieval for medical infrared images. In 26th IEEE Int. Conference Engineering in Medicine and Biology, pp.1186-1187.

Schaefer, G (2004) CVPIC colour/shape histograms for compressed domain image retrieval. In 26th Pattern Recognigition Symposium, pp.424-431.

Schaefer, G (2004) Midstream content access of visual pattern coded imagery. In 4th Int. Workshop on Multimedia Data and Document Engineering held in conjunction with IEEE Int. Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition Conference, .

Schaefer, G and Lieutaud, S (2004) Colour and shape based image retrieval for CVPIC coded images. In Int. Conf. on Imaging Science, Systems and Technology, pp.456-461.

Stich, M and Schaefer, G (2004) Image retrieval at low bit rates: BSP Trees vs. JPEG. In 18th European Simulation Multiconference, pp.439-443.

Zhu, SY and Schaefer, G (2004) Thermal médical image retrieval by moment invariants. In , Lecture Notes in Computer Science (including subseries Lecture Notes in Artificial Intelligence and Lecture Notes in Bioinformatics), pp.182-187, DOI: 10.1007/978-3-540-30547-7_19.

Finlayson, G, Hordley, S, Schaefer, G, Tian, GY (2003) Illuminant and device invariance using histogram equalisation. In 11th Color ImagingConference: Color Science, Systems, and Applications, pp.205-211.

Schaefer, G and Stich, M (2003) On the influence of image compression on the performance of content based image retrieval. In 6th Int. Conference on VISual Information Systems, pp.426-431.

Swift, C, Leinemann, K, Schaefer, G (2003) Real time systems for urban modelling. In 17th European Simulation Multiconference, pp.411-416.

Tait, R, Schaefer, G, Cakmak, HK (2003) Interactive spline modelling of human organs for surgical simulators. In 17th European Simulation Multiconference, pp.355-359.

Schaefer, G (2002) Compressed domain indexing of losslessly compressed images. In SPIE, Vol. 4676 (Storage and Retrieval for Media Databases 2002), Proc. SPIE, Vol. 4676 (Storage and Retrieval for Media Databases 2002), pp.79-85.

Schaefer, G (2002) Compressed domain image retrieval by comparing vector quantisation codebooks. In Proc. SPEI, Vol 4671 (Visual Communications and Image Processing 2002), pp.959-966.

Finlayson, G and Schaefer, G (2001) Convex and non-convex illuminant constraints for dichromatic colour constancy. In IEEE Int. Conference on Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition, pp.598-604.

Finlayson, G and Schaefer, G (2001) Hue that is invariant to brightness and gamma. In British Machine Vision Conference, pp.303-312.

Schaefer, G (2001) JPEG image retrieval using simple operators. In 2nd Int. Workshop on Content Based Multimedia and Indexing, pp.207-214.

Finlayson, G and Schaefer, G (2001) Colour indexing across devices and viewing conditions. In 2nd Int. Workshop on Content Based Multimedia and Indexing, pp.215-221.

Schaefer, G (2001) JPEG compressed domain image retrieval by colour and texture. In IEEE Data Compression Conference, p.514.

Finlayson, G and Schaefer, G (2000) Constrained dichromatic colour constancy. In 6th European Conference on Computer Vision, .

Schaefer, G and Qiu, G (2000) Midstream content access based on colour visual pattern coding. In Proc. of SPIE, Vol. 3972 (Storage and Retrieval for Image and Video Databases VIII), pp.284-292.

Schaefer, G and Qiu, G (2000) Retrieval of palettised colour images. In Proc. of SPIE, Vol 3972 (Storage and Retrieval for Image and Video Databases VIII), pp.483-493.

Qiu, G and Schaefer, G (2000) Visual colour image processing. In Proc. of SPIE, Vol. 3963 (Color Imaging: Device Independent Color, Color Hardcopy, and Graphic Arts V), pp.132-142.

Finlayson, GD and Schaefer, G (2000) Constrained dichromatic colour constancy. In , Lecture Notes in Computer Science (including subseries Lecture Notes in Artificial Intelligence and Lecture Notes in Bioinformatics), pp.342-358, DOI: 10.1007/3-540-45054-8_23.

Finlayson, G and Schaefer, G (1999) Single surface colour constancy. In 7th Color Imaging Conference: Color Science, Systems, and Applications, pp.106-113.

Schaefer, G and Qiu, G (1999) Colour image coding by visually meaningful image patterns. In 7th IEE Int. Conference on Image Processing and its Applications, pp..586-590.

Qiu, G and Schaefer, G (1999) High quality enhancement of low resolution images. In 7th IEE Int. Conference on Image Processing and its Applications, pp.358-362.

Schaefer, G, Qiu, G, Luo, MR (1999) Visual pattern based colour image compression. In Proc. of SPIE, Vol. 3653 (Visual Communication and Image Processing '99), pp.989-997.



Books

Arabnia, HR, Deligiannidis, L, Tinetti, FG, Jandieri, G, Schaefer, G, Solo, AMG (ed) (2015) Proceedings of the 2015 International Conference on Image Processing, Computer Vision, and Pattern Recognition, CSREA Press, ISBN: 1-60132-404-9.

Arabnia, HR, Deligiannidis, L, Lu, J, Tinetti, FG, You, J, Jandieri, G, Schaefer, G, Solo, AMG (ed) (2014) Proceedings of the 2014 International Conference on Image Processing, Computer Vision, and Pattern Recognition, CSREA Press, ISBN: 1-60132-280-1.

Slezak, D, Schaefer, G, Vuong, ST, Kim, Y-S (ed) (2014) Active Media Technology, Springer, ISBN: 978-3-319-09911-8. DOI: 10.1007/978-3-319-09912-5.

Arabnia, HR, Deligiannidis, L, Schaefer, G, Solo, AMG (ed) (2011) Proceedings of the International Conference on Image Processing, Computer Vision, & Pattern Recognition, CSREA Press.

Gao, XZ, Gaspar Cunha, A, Koeppen, M, Schaefer, G, Wang, J (ed) (2010) Soft Computing in Industrial Applications: Algorithms, Integration, and Success Stories, Springer, ISBN: 978-3-642-11281-2.

Zhou, H, Schaefer, G, Shi, C (2009) Fuzzy C-means techniques for medical image segmentation. DOI: 10.1007/978-3-540-89968-6_13.

Arabnia, HR and Schaefer, G (ed) (2009) Proceedings of the International Conference on Image Processing, Computer Vision & Pattern Recognition, CSREA Press, ISBN: 1-60132-117-1.

Schaefer, G, Hassanien, A, Jiang, J (ed) (2009) Computational Intelligence in Medical Imaging: Techniques and Applications, CRC Press, ISBN: 978-1-4200-6059-1.

Sebillo, M, Vitiello, G, Schaefer, G (ed) (2008) Visual Information Systems: Web-based Visual Information Search and Management, Springer.



Chapters

Pedram, M, Mousavirad, SJ, Schaefer, G (2022) Training Neural Networks with Lévy Flight Distribution Algorithm. In Lecture Notes on Data Engineering and Communications Technologies, pp.93-103, DOI: 10.1007/978-981-19-2948-9_10.

Mousavirad, SJ, Schaefer, G, Ebrahimpour-Komleh, H (2021) Optimising Connection Weights in Neural Networks Using a Memetic Algorithm Incorporating Chaos Theory. In Studies in Computational Intelligence, pp.169-192, DOI: 10.1007/978-3-030-70542-8_8.

Tharwat, A, Gaber, T, Hassanien, AE, Schaefer, G, Pan, JS (2017) A fully-automated zebra animal identification approach based on sift features. In Advances in Intelligent Systems and Computing, pp.289-297, DOI: 10.1007/978-3-319-48490-7_34.

Doshi, NP and Schaefer, G (2016) Automated categorisation of nailfold capillaroscopy images. In Handbook of Research on Trends in the Diagnosis and Treatment of Chronic Conditions, IGI Global, pp.134-145, DOI: 10.4018/978-1-4666-8828-5.ch006.

Doshi, NP and Schaefer, G (2016) Computer-aided analysis of nailfold capillaroscopy images. In Handbook of Research on Trends in the Diagnosis and Treatment of Chronic Conditions, IGI Global, pp.146-158, DOI: 10.4018/978-1-4666-8828-5.ch007.

Celebi, ME, Wen, Q, Iyatomi, H, Shimizu, K, Zhou, H, Schaefer, G (2015) A state-of-the-art survey on lesion border detection in dermoscopy image. In Dermoscopy Image Analysis, CRC Press, pp.97-129, DOI: 10.1201/b19107-5.

Schaefer, G (2013) Intelligent rule-based classification of image features for breast thermogram analysis. In Multimodality Breast Imaging: Diagnosis and Treatment, pp.275-284, DOI: 10.1117/3.1000499.Ch10.

Zhu, SY and Schaefer, G (2012) Network simulation tools for supporting teaching in computer networks. In Simulation in Computer Network Design and Modeling: Use and Analysis, pp.479-489, DOI: 10.4018/978-1-4666-0191-8.ch023.

Nakashima, T and Schaefer, G (2012) An introduction to pattern classification. In Machine Learning Algorithms for Problem Solving in Computational Applications: Intelligent Techniques, pp.263-272, DOI: 10.4018/978-1-4666-1833-6.ch016.

Nolle, L, Köppen, M, Schaefer, G, Abraham, A (2011) Intelligent computational optimization in engineering: Techniques and applications. In Unknown Parent Title, pp.1-24, DOI: 10.1007/978-3-642-21705-0_1.

Plant, W and Schaefer, G (2011) Visualisation and browsing of image databases. In Unknown Parent Title, pp.3-57, DOI: 10.1007/978-3-642-19551-8_1.

Zhou, H, Wang, X, Schaefer, G (2011) Mean shift and its application in image segmentation. In Unknown Parent Title, pp.291-312, DOI: 10.1007/978-3-642-17934-1_13.

Schaefer, G (2011) Intelligent approaches to colour palette design. In Unknown Parent Title, pp.275-289, DOI: 10.1007/978-3-642-17934-1_12.

Schaefer, G and Nakashima, T (2010) A combined GA-fuzzy classification system for mining gene expression databases. In Anbumani, K and Nedunchezhian, R (ed) Soft Computing Applications for Database Technologies: Techniques and Issues, IGI Global, pp.93-103, ISBN: 978-1-60566-814-7.

Osman, T, Thakker, D, Schaefer, G (2010) Semantics based intelligent indexing and retrieval of digital images - A case study. In Chbeir, R, Badr, Y, Abraham, A, Hassanien, AE (ed) Emergent Web Intelligence: Advanced Information Retrieval, Springer, pp.117-134, ISBN: 978-1-84996-073-1.

Tarnawski, W, Schaefer, G, Nakashima, T, Miroslaw, L (2010) Applications of fuzzy rule-based systems in medical image understanding. In Pal, SK and Peters, JF (ed) Rough Fuzzy Image Analysis - Foundations and Methodologies, CRC Press, ISBN: 978-1-4398-0329-5.

Schaefer, G (2009) Visual pattern based compressed domain image retrieval. In Handbook of Research on Digital Libraries: Design, Development, and Impact, pp.441-447, DOI: 10.4018/978-1-59904-879-6.ch045.

Schaefer, G and Clos, A (2009) Image analysis for exudate detection in retinal images. In Lazakidou, AA (ed) Biocomputation and Biomedical Informatics: Case Studies and Applications, Medical Information Science Reference, pp.198-203.

Schaefer, G and Merla, A (2009) Image processing tools for biomedical infrared imaging. In Lzakidou, AA (ed) Biocomputation and Biomedical Informatics: Case Studies and Applications, Medical Information Science Reference, pp.187-197, ISBN: 978-160566768-3.

Schaefer, G and Nolle, L (2009) A hybrid differential evolution approach to colour quantisation. In Qing, A (ed) Differential Evolution: Fundamentals and Applications in Engineering, Wiley, pp.399-405, ISBN: 978-0-470-82392-7.

Schaefer, G, Nakashima, T, Ishibuchi, H (2009) Gene expression analysis by fuzzy and hybrid fuzzy classification. In Jin, Y and Wang, L (ed) Fuzzy Systems in Bioinformatics, Bioengineering and Computational Biology, Springer, pp.127-140, ISBN: 978-3-540-89967-9.

Zhou, H and Schaefer, G (2009) An overview of fuzzy c-means based image clustering algorithms. In Hassanien, AE, Abraham, A, Herrera, F (ed) Foundations of Computational Intelligence Volume 2, Springer, pp.295-310, ISBN: 978-3-642-01532-8.

Zhou, H, Schaefer, G, Shi, C (2009) Fuzzy c-means for medical image segmentation. In Jin, Y and Wang, L (ed) Fuzzy Systems in Bioinformatics, Bioengineering and Computational Biology, Springer, pp.257-271, ISBN: 978-3-540-89967-9.

Schaefer, G (2009) Compressed-domain image retrieval based on colour visual patterns. In Tao, D, Xu, D, Li, X (ed) Semantic Mining Technologies for Multimedia Databases, Information Science Reference, pp.407-418, ISBN: 978-160566188-9.

Schaefer, G and Ruszala, S (2009) Intuitive image database navigation by hue-sphere browsing. In Tao, D, Xu, D, Li, X (ed) Semantic Mining Technologies for Multimedia Databases, Information Science Reference, pp.263-270, ISBN: 978-160566188-9.

Nolle, L and Schaefer, G (2009) Evolutionary computing and its use in medical imaging. In Schaefer, G, Hassanien, AE, Jiang, J (ed) Computational Intelligence in Medical Imaging: Techniques and Applications, CRC Press, pp.27-45, ISBN: 978-1-4200-6059-1.

Tait, R, Schaefer, G, Hopgood, A (2009) Distributed 3-D medical image registration using intelligent agents. In Schaefer, G, Hassanien, AE, Jiang, J (ed) Computational Intelligence in Medical Imaging: Techniques and Applications, CRC Press, pp.379-405, ISBN: 978-1-4200-6059-1.

Schaefer, G and Tait, R (2009) Distributed image processing on a blackboard system. In Udoh, E and Wang, FZ (ed) Handbook of Research on Grid Technologies and Utility Computing: Concepts for Managing Large-Scale Applications, Information Science Reference, pp.219-225, ISBN: 978-1-60566-184-1.

Schaefer, G (2009) Effective and efficient browsing of large image databases. In Theng, YL, Foo, S, Goh, D, Na, JC (ed) Handbook of Research on Digital Libraries: Design, Development and Impact, Information Science Reference, pp.142-148, ISBN: 978-1-59904-879-6.

Schaefer, G (2009) Compressed domain image retrieval based on visual patterns. In Theng, YL, Foo, S, Goh, D, Na, JC (ed) Handbook of Research on Digital Libraries: Design, Development and Impact, Information Science Reference, pp.441-447, ISBN: 978-1-59904-879-6.

Schaefer, G and Ruszala, S (2009) Visualisation of large image databases. In Feng, YL, Foo, S, Goh, D, Na, JC (ed) Handbook on Research on Digital Libraries: Design, Development and Impact, Medical Information Science Reference, pp.352-359, ISBN: 978-1-59904-879-6.

Osman, T, Thakker, D, Schaefer, G (2009) Semantic annotation and retrieval of images in digital libraries. In Feng, YL, Foo, S, Goh, D, Na, JC (ed) Handbook of Research on Digital Libraries: Design, Development and Impact, Medical Information Science Reference, pp.261-268, ISBN: 978-1-59904-879-6.

Schaefer, G, Nakashima, T, Yokota, Y (2008) Fuzzy classification for gene expression data analysis. In Unknown Parent Title, pp.209-218, DOI: 10.1007/978-3-540-76803-6_8.

Tait, R and Schaefer, G (2008) Distributed medical volume registration. In Lazakidou, AA and Siassiakos, KM (ed) Handbook of Research on Distributed Medical Informatics and E-Health, Medical Information Science Reference, pp.180-189, ISBN: 978-1-60566-002-8.

Schaefer, G and Starosolski, R (2008) A comparison of lossless image compression algorithms for colour retina images. In Wickramasinghe, N and Geisler, E (ed) Encyclopedia of Healthcare Information Systems, Medical Information Science Reference, pp.238-243, ISBN: 978-1-59904-889-5.

Schaefer, G, Nakashima, T, Yokota, Y (2008) Cost-sensitive classification for medical diagnosis. In Wickramasinghe, N and Geisler, E (ed) Encyclopaedia of Healthcare Information Systems, Medical Information Science Reference, pp.297-302, ISBN: 978-1-59904-889-5.

Tait, R and Schaefer, G (2008) Similarity metrics for medical image registration. In Wickramasinghe, N and Geisler, E (ed) Encyclopaedia of Healthcare Information Systems, Medical Information Science Reference, pp.1241-1246, ISBN: 978-1-59904-889-5.

Tait, R and Schaefer, G (2008) Distributed medical image and volume registration. In Wickramasinghe, N and Geisler, E (ed) Encyclopaedia of Healthcare Information Systems, Medical Information Science Reference, pp.465-471, ISBN: 978-1-59904-889-5.

Schaefer, G, Tait, R, Howell, K, Hopgood, A, Woo, P, Harper, J (2008) Automated overlay of infrared and visual medical images. In Dong, F, Ghinea, G, Chen, SY (ed) User Centered Design for Medical Visualization, Medical Information Science Reference, pp.174-183, ISBN: 978-159904777-5.

Schaefer, G, Nakashima, T, Yokota, Y (2008) Fuzzy classification for gene expression data analysis. In Kelemen, A, Abraham, A, Chen, Y (ed) Computational Intelligence in Bioinformatics, Springer, pp.209-218, ISBN: 978-3-540-76802-9.

Schaefer, G (2007) Storage and retrieval of medial thermograms. In Diakides, N and Bronzino, J (ed) Medical Infrared Imaging, CRC Press, pp.1-15, ISBN: 978-0-8493-9027-2.

Schaefer, G and Nolle, L (2007) Colour quantisation by black-box optimisation. In Nachtegael, M, van der Wken, D, Kerre, EE, Philips, W (ed) Soft Computing in Image Processing: Recent Advances, Springer, pp.445-463, ISBN: 978-3-540-38232-4.



Getting in touch

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